Swariksha

Cognitive and practical process skills that learners will be able to develop in Natural Sciences | Topic- | 1. Accessing and recalling information – being able to use a variety of sources to acquire information, and toremember relevant facts and key ideas, and to build a conceptual framework | | 2. Observing – noting in detail objects, organisms and events | | 3. Comparing – noting similarities and differences between things | | 4. Measuring – using measuring instruments such as rulers, thermometers, clocks and syringes (for volume) | | 5. Sorting and classifying – applying criteria in order to sort items into a table, mind-map, key, list or other format | | 6. Identifying problems and issues – being able to articulate the needs and wants of people in society | | 7. Raising questions – being able to think of, and articulate relevant questions about problems, issues, andnatural phenomena | | 8. Predicting – stating, before an investigation, what you think the results will be for that particular investigation | | 9. Hypothesizing – putting forward a suggestion or possible explanation to account for certain facts. A hypothesisis used as a basis for further investigation which will prove or disprove the hypothesis | | 10. Planning investigations – thinking through the method for an activity or investigation in advance. Identifyingthe need to make an investigation a fair test by keeping some things (variables) the same whilst other thingswill vary | | 11. Doing investigations – this involves carrying out methods using appropriate apparatus and equipment, andcollecting data by observing and comparing, measuring and estimating, sequencing, or sorting and classifying.Sometimes an investigation has to be repeated to verify the results. | | 12. Recording information – recording data from an investigation in a systematic way, including drawings,descriptions, tables and graphs | | 13. Interpreting information – explaining what the results of an activity or investigation mean (this includes readingand understanding maps, tables, graphs). | | 14. Communicating – using written, oral, visual, graphic and other forms of communication to make informationavailable to other people | | 15. The Scientific Process is a way of investigating things about the worldStep 1: Identify a problem and develop a question. What is it you want to find out? | | Step 2: Form a hypothesis. A hypothesis is your idea, answer, or prediction about what will happen and why. | | Step 3: Design an activity or experiment. Do something that will help you test your idea or prediction to see ifyou were right. | | Step 4: Observe/ note changes/reactions (e.g. through measuring), and record your observations (e.g. onto atable). What were the results of your activity or experiment? Write about what happened. | | Step 5: Make inferences about the observations recorded in the tables, graphs, drawings, photographs. Makesome conclusions. What did you find out? Do your results support your hypothesis? What did you learn fromthis investigation? | |