This research uses Behavioral System Model as the theoretical framework. It is a nursing care model that have been introduced by Dorothy E. Johnson since 1968 which advocates the nurturing of efficient and effective patient’s functioning behavior in preventing illness. At the same time, this model also stresses on the importance of research-based knowledge regarding the nursing care effects on the patients (Wayne, 2014).…
Chapter eight gives a good overview of the models presented in chapters nine, ten, and eleven. The way Entwistle presented five models which he called: “Enemies, Spies, Colonialists, Neutral, and Allies” (2016, p. 135). These five models are formed based on the variety of views that people hold about psychology and theology. Because people hold a variety of orientations in these two fields it creates many combinations of integration. The Enemy model is the view that psychology and theology cannot work together. The Spies model uses which ever orientation is most effective in the moment to promote the individual well-being, which means they are not committed to any certain belief system. Colonialists are strongly influenced by their commitment…
Based on her writing, I concluded that Ms. Simmons’ social learning style has two definitive faces. It is most obviously supported by the physiological school of thought. For example, she believes girls will do anything to be a part of the group, “to avoid rejection, they must enter whitewashed relationships, eschewing open conflict and becoming shackled to cultural rules that deny their freedom to know the truth of themselves, their bodies and their feelings” (268) Ms. Simmons describes the girl’s group think as one where “fear of solitude is overpowering. In fact, what victims of bullying recalled most to me was their loneliness.” (32) Moreover, she believes that what is learned can be unlearned, “We might work harder to prohibit girls from engaging in alternative aggressions and instead guide them into more assertive acts of truth telling and direct aggression.” (269) Her second style supports the learning school of thought; she believes the behavior exhibited by the girls is not of natural, but a learned behavior, “the rite-of-passage theory suggests several disturbing assumptions about girls. First, it implies that there is nothing we can do to prevent girls from behaving in these ways because it’s in the developmental tea leaves to do it. “(??) I gather from her phrasing…
Social cognition is the study of how people form attribution or judgments about themselves and the social world from the social information they received from their environment (Chapter Review, 2010). However, it was discovered often marked by apparent errors and biases. People make quick judgment based on their past experiences, hence at times leading to tragic endings.…
Thesis – The character of Andrew is used to explore moral reasoning, identity statuses, and the effect of peer pressure on an adolescent development.…
One socialization process is when others stereotypes a person and these influences cause them to believing it those assumptions. Howard and Victor are talking in the playground. When Howard said after the fight “My parents told me that Mexi-eee-cans always have knives.”(68). Victor did not know what to do because he liked Howard a lot that did not want Howard to get in trouble for getting around bad dirty people. Victor did not though that Mexicans would bring knives everywhere they went. The next day Victor brings not one but two knives to school. Teacher said “OH, A KNIFE! I TOLD’EM! I TOLD’EM that this was going to happen I was going to catch you little dirty spics with knives that day now I have.”(72). The stereotype that Howard said cause this to happen. Because the stereotype got stuck in Victor’s head. It could have been worse for Victor and people around him if the teacher did not see the knives. Victor could have gone into…
2 One’s actions and thoughts can get one into trouble and end up with the wrong crowd. By hanging around the wrong people…
C) pain avoidance. D) none of the above. 16. Which theory of emotion implies that people can change their emotions simply by changing the way they label their arousal (C) A.the James-Lange theory B.the Cannon-Bard theory C.Schachters two-factor theory D.opponent-process theory 17. Which of the following needs in Maslows need hierarchy has to be satisfied before attention is paid to the others (C) A. self-esteem B. love C. safety D. self-actualization 18. Which of the following birth defects results in a condition that is treatable (A) A. phenylketonuria B. sickle-cell anemia C. Tay-Sachs disease D. Down syndrome 19. Piagets formal operational stage produces a new kind of thinking characterized as (D) A. egocentric thought. B. object permanence. C. concrete. D. abstract, formal, and logical. 20. Sixteen-year-old Foster wants to spend a few years experimenting with different lifestyles and careers before he settles on who and what he wants to be. FosterOs behavior illustrates the identity status of (A) A.identity moratorium. B.identity foreclosure. C.identity achievement.. D.identity diffusion 21. Always having been a good student, Irving is confident that he will do well in his…
The agents of socialization (family, peer group, schools, and mass media) have a profound impact on limiting our choices. Socialization is a lifelong process by which individuals develop their potential and learn culture as they age, fitting into society based on their own “looking glass” (Lecture notes, Chapter 3). Freud’s model of personality is a combination of the id: (basic human drives), the ego (conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives with the demands of society), and the superego (norms internalized by society) (Macioni, p. 71). Based on that model, it is implied that in our desire to live up to society’s expectations, we have a limited ability to make choices because we base our behaviors off of society’s perceptions of us. Socialization (and therefore, our decision-making) is greatly influenced by the widespread cultural norms and values we use as a reference in evaluating ourselves, i.e. imitation of significant others (Macioni, p. 73). Furthermore, our choices can be limited by total institutions that create standardized lives and resocialization that an individual does not have control over.…
The movie that I decided to watch was mean girls. This movie is about a teenage girl who lived in Africa because her parents were doing research and then they had all moved to America. The girl’s name in the movie was Cady and she had never been home schooled before she moved to the United States of America. Her first couple of days was rocky but she eventually made friends with two art students by the name of Janis Ian and Damien, her new friends told her to be careful around the popular girls in school known as the plastics. One day while Cady was looking for her friends, a girl by the name of Regina George the main leader of the plastics wanted her to join their group because she thought she was really pretty. Cady becomes a part of the group, but Janis convinces her to get revenge on Regina George because of Janis’s personal experience with Regina. Cady declines on getting revenge until Regina George gets back with her ex-boyfriend Aaron Samuels who Cady liked and Regina claimed she would put in a good word for Cady. Cady then decided that she would get revenge on Regina, so the movie is basically showing how Cady evolved from a sweet girl into a typical teenage girl. The three theories that I decided to pick for this movie were Social Learning theory and Behaviorism. I chose social learning theory because the theory stated that an individual’s behavior will be influenced by the environment around them, and since Cady was around the plastics that always spread mean and vicious rumors she became one of them. I chose behaviorism because Skinner stated behavior is a response to the environment which would explain why Cady decided to get even with Regina because that is what Regina George would do. Another theory that I thought that was displayed in the movie would be Dollard and Miller’s learning process which consisted of five steps, those four steps would be drive, cue, response, reinforcement effect. Drive is defined as a promotion of a specific action.…
What is cognitive dissonance? How can it be used in our daily lives? These are some of the questions that social psychologists ask each day to explain people’s behavior. When it comes to how we act as individuals, there are all kinds of words and expressions that we can use. We can use words that can describe us physically, mentally, and emotionally, but when it comes to the way that we describe ourselves in our social worlds, we have a harder time. Dealing with our social worlds and how society affects how we act at certain moments, it is important to always talk about our attitudes and behaviors. What triggers us to engage in behaviors that violate social values, beliefs, attitudes, and morals? Every day, people engage in activities that violate who they are as a person and then make excuses. From lying on their taxes, cheating on a test, speeding, and even calling into work sick when they are not sick, individuals everywhere make decisions that violate who they truly are, After the behavior is violated and excuses are made, people would start to wonder why engage in the behavior if they are just going to justify it later? Social psychologist work every day to answer this question. In this paper, we will be discussing a situation and subsequent behavior that people engage in that violates who they are, we’re going to discuss possible explanations for the behavior using the attribution theory, were going to describe the reciprocal relationship between behavior and attitudes, and were going to explain how the individual could have used the cognition dissonance theory to rationalize his or her behavior.…
Tonya is a girl who demonstrates personality traits at parties with her friends that are very different from those she exhibits when she participates in class activities. One who does not know much about personality and the person-situation controversy may wonder why Tonya’s personality traits are different. Using my knowledge of both the person-situation controversy and reciprocal determinism, I will attempt to explain why Tonya’s behavior in these different situations is not surprising at all.…
In the most basic turns, the social cognitive theory refers to the view that one learns by watching the behavior of others. With mass media becoming more and more relevant in today’s society, understanding how symbolic communication influences human thought, affect, and action is essential (Bandura, 2002, p. 265). In this transactional view, personal factors such as cognitive, affective, and biological events, behavioral patterns, and environmental events, work simultaneously and operate as interacting determinants that influence each other (Bandura, 2002, pg. 266). The theory has been applied in varied and diverse areas of life, including one’s career choice, organizational behavior, athletics, and even mental and physical health (Pajares,…
It is believed that children’s behavior can be influenced by their peers due to the pressure they face in their lives, particularly in the school. Peer pressure is defined as the feeling obtained by an individual when a person of a similar age pushes or influences you to make a particular choice which may be positive or negative (Peer Pressure Bag of Tricks, n.d.; Fanti and Henrich, 2010). Meanwhile, behavior is defined as the action or reaction a person has under particular circumstances based on reactions or responses by other people (WordNet Search – 3.1 (n.d.)).…
A mother takes her child to the grocery store and is aware that that her child has stolen a box of cookies. In this report I will explain how the five components of wise judgments apply and make a decision based on the five components with explanation of how I believe these components to interrelate to the chosen scenario. The five components of wise judgment are factual knowledge about matters of life, Procedural knowledge, Lifespan contextualism, Recognition and management of uncertainty, and Relativism regarding solutions. I will describe the way each of these relates to a mother knowing that her 7 year old child stole cookies from the grocery store.…