Teenage [Regnancy

TEENAGE PREGNANCY Teenage pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy in girls within the age from 13 to 19, who have not graduated from their studies have few or no qualification for jobs and are financially rely on her parents. As mentioned by Michael (2010), the department has already seen 131 of such cases in 2009 and this number is a dramatic increase from the 107 cases in 2008 (“Teen pregnancies on the risk with 111 reported this year”, 2010). In this essay, two causes and one effect of teenage pregnancy will be discussed. One of the causes of teenage pregnancy is the failure of contraception among teenagers. The lack of knowledge in preventing pregnancy may cause them to take contraceptive pills wrongly. Many teenagers do not realize that emergency birth control pills can never function as regular birth control pills. Pandit said that the use of birth control pills as emergency contraception will stop ovulation or make the uterus inhospitable to implantation. Furthermore, teenagers’ lack of knowledge towards the functions of pills causes them to get pregnant after having sex intercourse. From the CBS News, 156 pregnancies were due to the contraceptive failure (“Unplanned pregnancies”, 2012). In addition, teenage pregnancy is also caused by psychological factors. Benoit (2005) stated that most of the teenagers act immaturely and irresponsibly. When they engage in sex, they usually do not plan to get pregnant. They are unable to see consequences of their actions as well as psychological immaturity which will put them at risk. One of the effects of teenage pregnancy is the depression among teen mothers (“Young mothers’ depression risk”, 2008). For example, pregnant teens may feel a shame, guilty, angry and depressed because of the abundance of society. On the other hand, teenage pregnancy will affect the health of teen mothers and babies. For instance, the food choices that taken by teen mothers which are not nutritious enough will cause them to carry underweight infant (“Minister of health and long-term care”, 2012). From the review by faculty of the Harvard Medical School, pregnant teenagers have a greater risk of having health problems such as preeclampsia. Furthermore, it stated that preeclampsia can affect the baby by reducing the amount of blood that flows through the placenta causing the baby to grow poorly or underweight as a result of the placenta which is only the source of nourishment for the foetus. In a nutshell, teenage pregnancy is caused by the failure of contraceptives and psychological factors which to health risks. Thus, teens need to be educated on the importance of having sex and being responsible enough to use protection.

References
Benoit, M. B. (2005). The role of psychological factors. Retrieved from http://www,welfareacademy.org
Health Risks. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.sm.ith.edu/ourhealthourfutures?teenpreg5.html
John, T., & Russell, V. (2005). Sexual Health, contraception, and teenage pregnancy. Clinical revie, 330, 590-595. Retrieved from http://bmj.com
Michael, C. (2010, June 26). Teen pregnancies on the rise with 111 reported this year. The Star online. Retrieved from http://www.thestar.com
Michelle, C. (2012, May 24). Unplanned pregnancies 20 times more likely on birth control pill than IUD, study finds. CBS News. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com
Ministry of health and long-term care. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/public/pub/pubhealth/init_report/tp.html
Pandit, M. . Birth control pills and pregnancy. Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/birth-control-pills-and-pregnancy.html
Peggy, P. (2010, January 27). Teen pregnancies on the rise again. ABC News. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com
Pre-eclampsia-Causes. (2011, November 14). Retrieved from http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pre-eclampsia/pages/causes
Ruth, A. L. (1986). A Perspective on teenage girls’ contraceptive behavior. Contraceptive Self-Efficacy, 22, 347-369. Retrieved from http://www.tondline.com
What are the causes of teenage pregnancy? (2012). Retrieved from http://www.speedyremedies.com
Young mothers’ depression risk. (2008, November 13). BBC News. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7727540.stm

References: Benoit, M. B. (2005). The role of psychological factors. Retrieved from http://www,welfareacademy.org Health Risks John, T., & Russell, V. (2005). Sexual Health, contraception, and teenage pregnancy. Michelle, C. (2012, May 24). Unplanned pregnancies 20 times more likely on birth control pill than IUD, study finds. CBS News. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com Ministry of health and long-term care What are the causes of teenage pregnancy? (2012). Retrieved from http://www.speedyremedies.com Young mothers’ depression risk