Term Paper
Contents
Contents 2
DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL CULTURES 3
INTRODUCTION 3
The Four Dimensions: 3
Ancient Roots of Culture 4
Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions 5
Indulgence versus Restraint 6
Geert Hofstede Scores for BRIC Countries 6
Geert Hofstede Scores and Social Media Usage in BRIC Countries 7
References 8
DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL CULTURES
INTRODUCTION
Hoftede Geert operated in an international environment since 1965. His curiosity as a social psychologist led him to the comparison of nations, first as a travelling international staff member of a multinational (IBM) and later as a visiting professor at an international business school in Switzerland. His 1980 book Culture 's Consequences combined his personal experiences with the statistical analysis of two unique data bases.
The first and largest comprised answers of matched employee samples from 40 different countries to the same attitude survey questions. The second consisted of answers to some of these same questions by his executive students who came from 15 countries and from a variety of companies and industries. Systematic differences between nations in these two data bases occurred in particular for questions dealing with values. Values, in this case, are "broad preferences for one state of affairs over others", and they are mostly unconscious.
The Four Dimensions:
The values that distinguished countries (rather than individuals) from each other grouped themselves statistically into four clusters. They dealt with four anthropological problem areas that different national societies handle differently: ways of coping with inequality, ways of coping with uncertainty, the relationship of the individual with her or his primary group, and the emotional implications of having been born as a girl or as a boy. These became the Hofstede dimensions of national culture: Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism versus Collectivism, and Masculinity versus Femininity.
Contents 2
DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL CULTURES 3
INTRODUCTION 3
The Four Dimensions: 3
Ancient Roots of Culture 4
Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions 5
Indulgence versus Restraint 6
Geert Hofstede Scores for BRIC Countries 6
Geert Hofstede Scores and Social Media Usage in BRIC Countries 7
References 8
DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL CULTURES
INTRODUCTION
Hoftede Geert operated in an international environment since 1965. His curiosity as a social psychologist led him to the comparison of nations, first as a travelling international staff member of a multinational (IBM) and later as a visiting professor at an international business school in Switzerland. His 1980 book Culture 's Consequences combined his personal experiences with the statistical analysis of two unique data bases.
The first and largest comprised answers of matched employee samples from 40 different countries to the same attitude survey questions. The second consisted of answers to some of these same questions by his executive students who came from 15 countries and from a variety of companies and industries. Systematic differences between nations in these two data bases occurred in particular for questions dealing with values. Values, in this case, are "broad preferences for one state of affairs over others", and they are mostly unconscious.
The Four Dimensions:
The values that distinguished countries (rather than individuals) from each other grouped themselves statistically into four clusters. They dealt with four anthropological problem areas that different national societies handle differently: ways of coping with inequality, ways of coping with uncertainty, the relationship of the individual with her or his primary group, and the emotional implications of having been born as a girl or as a boy. These became the Hofstede dimensions of national culture: Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism versus Collectivism, and Masculinity versus Femininity.
References: https://blogs.commons.georgetown.edu/isdyahoofellow/using-geert-hofstede-cultural-dimensions-to-study-social-media-usage-in-bric-countries/ http://www.clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cultural-dimensions/