How did Teva succeed in Israel? Why did such a company emerge in that context? How did Teva set itself apart from other players?
The fact that many immigrants from Europe -in the beginning of twentieth century- with remarkable knowledge in the pharmaceutical industry allowed many local physicians to acquire the know-how of the business and the specialized skills to develop a domestic market in Israel. The recognition of the synergies between these local family businesses with foreign scientists and engineers coming from Germany –known as the birthplace of the pharmaceutical industry- got Teva to succeed in Israel. Moreover, in 1970 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) was restricted to less than 5% of all investments in Israel, so the domestic industry had no foreign competition. The acquisition of talent and the absence of large foreign competitors led approximate 20 family-owned drug distributors to share the domestic market after World War II, with each of them having US$1 million of annual revenues.
Teva had to serve a population of around 2 million people in an industry context that required synthesis skills, experience with supply chains, and low-cost production and manufacture, since they provided drugs to a population with high poverty levels. The company emerged first: thanks to the knowledge taken from immigrants, and second, due to its ability to recognize key academic institution partners to work with: Jewish Universities, for instance, which helped the company to perform R&D and enter to the innovative market with a budget of 16%-25% less than the typical budget required to bring an innovative drug to the market and less development time.
The notable clarity respect to being a focused firm instead of a conglomerate, gave the company a guide to concentrate its effort on specific firms to acquire and be successful. At the same time, Hurvitz’s vision of “taking risks but not ones that risk the entire