Textual Analysis Of Advisory Speech Acts

This chapter is devoted to the textual analysis of four proposed advisory speech acts, namely: advice, warning, suggestion, and urging in forty texts selected from the Holy Bible (the New Testament), the Authorized Version of King James Bible in their English texts, distributed as follows: sixteen texts for warning, twelve for advice , six for suggestion, and six for urging.
4.2 The Notion of Text According to Halliday and Hasan (1976:2) "A text has texture, and this what distinguishes it from something that is not a text. The texture is provided by the cohesive relation" . Halliday and Hasan (1976:4) show that, within a text , cohesive relationships are set up "where the interpretation of some element in the discourse is dependent on that of another. The one presupposes the other in the sense that it cannot be effectively decoded except by recourse to it" Brown and Yule (1982:6) indicate that a text is "A technical term, refers to the verbal record of the communicative act". According to crystal (2008:481) the text is " A term used in linguistics and phonetics to refer to a stretch of language recorded for the purpose of analysis and
In contrast to The term ‘discourse’ which is used as the more general term to refer to both spoken and written language. ‘Monological texts’ are traditionally studied in areas such as stylistics, text linguistics, and psycholinguistics, often based on rather specific linguistic analyses and regularly using a quantitative methodology. By contrast, ‘dialogical discourse’ has long been the arena of conversation analysis and sociolinguistics, often focused on qualitative interpretations of individual conversations in context". He (ibid) also states " A text is more than a random set of utterances: it shows connectedness. A central objective of linguists working on the text level is to characterize this