The Body's Organ Systems and Their Major Components
The Body’s Organ Systems and Their Major Functions
System
Organs
Function
Integumentary System
Hair, Skin, and Nails
Forms the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury. Synthesizes vitamin D, and houses cutaneous (pain, pressure, etc.) receptors and sweat and oil glands.
Skeletal System
Joints and Bones
Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within bones. Bones store minerals.
Muscular System
Skeletal Muscles
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.
Nervous System
Brain, Spinal cord, and Nerves
As the fast-acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.
Endocrine System
Pineal gland, Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Thymus, Adrenal gland, Pancreas, Testis, and Ovary
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
Cardiovascular System
Heart and Blood vessels
Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
Lymphatic System/Immunity
Red bone marrow, Thymus, Lymphatic vessels, Thoracic duct, Spleen, and Lymph nodes
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within the body.
Respiratory System
Nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, and Lungs
Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. The gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs.
Digestive System
Oral cavity, Esophagus, Liver, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum, and Anus
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body
System
Organs
Function
Integumentary System
Hair, Skin, and Nails
Forms the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury. Synthesizes vitamin D, and houses cutaneous (pain, pressure, etc.) receptors and sweat and oil glands.
Skeletal System
Joints and Bones
Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within bones. Bones store minerals.
Muscular System
Skeletal Muscles
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.
Nervous System
Brain, Spinal cord, and Nerves
As the fast-acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.
Endocrine System
Pineal gland, Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Thymus, Adrenal gland, Pancreas, Testis, and Ovary
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
Cardiovascular System
Heart and Blood vessels
Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
Lymphatic System/Immunity
Red bone marrow, Thymus, Lymphatic vessels, Thoracic duct, Spleen, and Lymph nodes
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within the body.
Respiratory System
Nasal cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, and Lungs
Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. The gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs.
Digestive System
Oral cavity, Esophagus, Liver, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum, and Anus
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body