Brainstem
The brain stem plays an important role in basic attention, arousal, and consciousness. It contains the medulla oblongata, cerebellum, midbrain and pons. Its functions include things that you need to survive, such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, blood pressure, and arousal which makes you awake and alert.All information from our body passes through the brain stem on the way to the brain.
Medulla Oblangata
The medulla oblongata connects the brain and spinal cord. It controls a number of functions including heartbeat, balance, breathing and blood pressure, making it a very important part of the brain. Damage to the medulla oblongata can be deadly, because the person will be unable to breathe, swallow, or perform other basic motor functions without help. The medula oblongata also helps you to sleep and takes in information from your senses which allows you to hear, see, taste, and feel your face.
Pons
Pons is named after the Latin word for "bridge." The main job of this structure is to pass information between the cerebellum and cerebrum. In addition, it helps to send other messages to the brain, manage arousal feelings, and monitors respiration.
Cerebellum
The cerebellum is a structure attached to the bottom of the brain. This part of the brain is important because it helps maintain your posture and balance. It also regulates voluntary actions such as running, clapping, or raising your hand. The cerebllum helps your bones make smooth and precise movements rather than jerky ones.
Midbrain
The midbrain is found between the hindbrain and forebrain and is one of the smallest structures. It controls many important functions such as seeing and hearing as well as eye movement. The midbrain also processes pain, temperature, and touch. Its neurons release dopamine, which is a hormone in your brain that effects your metabolism, heart rate, and blood circulation. A disease that comes from the midbrain because of low dopamine