The Cardiovascular System: The Blood Chapter 18 Questions
1. How does the volume of blood in your body compare to the volume of fluid in a two liter bottle?
In the average sized male adult the blood volume is 5 to 6 liters and it is 4-5 liters in the average sized female adult.
2. What is the significance of a lower than normal hematocrit? A higher than normal hematocrit? What might be the effect of a bacterial infection on the hematocrit?
Having a low hematocrit causes anemia, feeling of fatigue, dizziness etc. It is treated with iron supplements or a blood transfusion. Having a high hematocrit causes polycythemia, high risk of cardio vascular disease/death. It is treated by having blood removed from the body.
3. How the development of lymphocytes is unique when compared with the development of the other formed elements?
B lymphocytes develop in red bone marrow, T lymphocytes develop in red bone marrow and mature in the thymus; the other formed elements develop in red bone marrow.
4. How are red blood cells able to squeeze through capillaries that are smaller in diameter than they are?
The cell membranes are strong and flexible so they can deform with rupturing.
5. Why do red blood cells live for only about 120 DAYS?
This is because they go through a lot of wear and tear as they squeeze through the blood capillaries.
6. What is erythropies? Which factors speed up and slow down erythropoiesis?
Erythropoiesis is the production of red blood cells. It is sped up when oxygen delivery to the kidney decreases, it slows down when the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood is sufficient.
7. What would happen if a person with type B blood were given a transfusion of type O blood?
Nothing would happen. Type O blood can be transfused with type B blood.
8. During an anatomy and physiology exam you are asked to view whilst blood cells in prepared slides of standard human blood smears. Based on the observations below, what is the name and function of each WBC?
a. WBC has a round nucleus surrounded by a blue
In the average sized male adult the blood volume is 5 to 6 liters and it is 4-5 liters in the average sized female adult.
2. What is the significance of a lower than normal hematocrit? A higher than normal hematocrit? What might be the effect of a bacterial infection on the hematocrit?
Having a low hematocrit causes anemia, feeling of fatigue, dizziness etc. It is treated with iron supplements or a blood transfusion. Having a high hematocrit causes polycythemia, high risk of cardio vascular disease/death. It is treated by having blood removed from the body.
3. How the development of lymphocytes is unique when compared with the development of the other formed elements?
B lymphocytes develop in red bone marrow, T lymphocytes develop in red bone marrow and mature in the thymus; the other formed elements develop in red bone marrow.
4. How are red blood cells able to squeeze through capillaries that are smaller in diameter than they are?
The cell membranes are strong and flexible so they can deform with rupturing.
5. Why do red blood cells live for only about 120 DAYS?
This is because they go through a lot of wear and tear as they squeeze through the blood capillaries.
6. What is erythropies? Which factors speed up and slow down erythropoiesis?
Erythropoiesis is the production of red blood cells. It is sped up when oxygen delivery to the kidney decreases, it slows down when the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood is sufficient.
7. What would happen if a person with type B blood were given a transfusion of type O blood?
Nothing would happen. Type O blood can be transfused with type B blood.
8. During an anatomy and physiology exam you are asked to view whilst blood cells in prepared slides of standard human blood smears. Based on the observations below, what is the name and function of each WBC?
a. WBC has a round nucleus surrounded by a blue