1) Introduction:
1. Before 1945, the Negro community was regarded as socially inferior within the United States.
2. While slavery had been abolished in 1863 under President Lincoln, segregation was commonplace, especially in the southern sates.
3. The Jim Crow laws were in place to maintain this segregation and in 1896, the Supreme Court ruled these laws constitutional.
4. However, the growing discontentment among the Negro community, helped by the new wave of liberalism spreading throughout the US in the late 1940s, meant that pressure for change was building.
5. In the late 1950s and 1960s the movement began gathering legs through the successful cases of black Americans such as Oliver Brown and James Meredith, both backed by the NAACP.
6. However, these individual victories needed to be consolidated into one movement, the Negro community needed to become united for any significant change to occur; one man who realised this was Martin Luther King.
7. By sticking to his christian ideals and his skills as an orator, King would become one of the most iconic figures in not only the African-American community, but in the world.
2) Background of King:
1. The upbringing of Martin Luther King had a profound effect on the nature of his approach to the oppression experienced by the Negro community.
2. Throughout his life, King was lauded for his condemnation of violence, a stance most likely forged during his time in the baptist ministry and though his studying of theology in Boston.
3. From an early age King was involved in the pursuit for racial equality and served on the executive committee of the Montgomery branch of the NAACP.
4. In 1954 King became pastor of the baptist church in Montgomery and in 1955 he was awarded his PhD in theology.
5. Martin Luther King was now a very well educated and respected member of society in Montgomery, giving him a platform to begin publicly