|“The Crucible” |
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|4/3/2012 |
In 1692, in Salem Massachusetts a small group of girls joined together to go in the woods at night to meet a slave woman name Tituba. Tituba is a slave of Reverend Parris. During their meeting all the girls are dancing amongst a fire pit that will be used for collecting material items to be presented for voodoo purposes. Tituba ask each girl to throw in their items into the pot, although young Betty, Rev. Parris daughter is hesitate but later abides and throws in a frog or lizard in some sort. Last to present their item was Tituba, which transpire to disclose a live chicken to sacrifice in the voodoo ritual. All of the girls began screaming their desires to bestow certain gentlemen callers, including that of John Proctor for Abigail Williams. [1]It can be relevant that experiments in 1692 in occult among these young girls were in fact due to their curiosity about their romantic futures.
Reverend Parris abruptly enters the forest and the girls all scuffled about, not to be identified by the local minister including Tituba his black slave. He witnesses girls being naked dancing around a fire as well as the presence of his niece Abigail and daughter Betty. Afraid of being punished, Betty falls to the ground on Abigail crying with dismay, later presuming that she is ill and hoax by spirits. In extremely religious Puritan New England, frightening or surprising occurrences were often attributed to the devil or his cohorts.
As
Bibliography: Chadwick Hansen, Witchcraft at Salem (New York: G. Braziller, 1969), chap. 2. p. 154 Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1974), pp Arthur Miller, Collected Plays. NY: Viking, 1957p. 41. Gerald Weales questions Miller’s reading of the records in The Crucible: Text and Criticism (New York: Penguin Books, 1978), pp. 164, 372. Warshow, Robert. “The Immediate Experience”. NY: Doubleday, (1962), 189-203: “The Liberal Conscience in The Crucible” (1953 essay) Robert Calef, “More Wonders of the Invisible World” (1700), p [3] Miller, Collected Plays, p. 41. Gerald Weales questions Miller’s reading of the records in The Crucible: Text and Criticism (New York: Penguin Books, 1978), pp. 164, 372. [8] Robert Calef, “More Wonders of the Invisible World” (1700), p. 106, [9] The Death Warrant of Bridget Bishop