In 1564, the Netherlands saw the first fusion of political and religious opposition to Regent Margaret’s government.…
2) New York used to be called "New Amsterdam." Tell the history behind this, how it change hands to become New York.…
Because Holland was the main and only wealthy province, the Dutch Republic could not run efficiently. Document 4 states that the government of the Dutch Republic was shattered and that Holland would have to pay for the war because the other provinces couldn’t afford it. Document 4 was written by an English ambassador so the reliability of the document is questionable. George Downing was reporting to the English government, so he could’ve been telling them what they wanted to hear.…
Between the years of 1740-1766, the political, economic, and ideological relations between Britain and the American colonies were altered in effect of the French and Indian war due to the British bringing in more troops to control the expanding colonies; controlling the trade and enforcing taxation; along with the unfair treatment of the colonists threatening their rights as Englishmen. The relationship between Britain and its American colonies altered both in positive and negative ways. This can be proven with the provided documents.…
The republic was a confederation: a weak union of strong provinces. While the Dutch did little to change this, outsiders like Sir George Downing, the English ambassador to the Dutch Republic, pounced on this weakness. In his letter back to the English government, Sir Downing writes, “The government of the Dutch Republic is a shattered and divided thing” (Doc 4). With the exception of Holland, the provinces were poor and weak individually; the nation could not sustain itself if each region isolated itself. Unfortunately, Dutch sentiment was stuck to the idea of free and separate provinces, which proved to be ineffective when trying to elect a military commander to lead troops against France. According to a government report from the time, the “mutual distrust among the Dutch provinces hindered deliberations on how to oppose the violent attacks of Louis XIV” (Doc 9). Had the provinces been able to come to a consensus on this issue, they might have had a fighting chance. However, to fight means to have resources. There was a steady supply of soldiers willing to battle but never enough money to cover all of the costs. The rhetorical question phrased in a political packet from Amsterdam comments on the society: “But who, other than wealthy citizens of Amsterdam, much like a rich milk cow, is to furnish the money?” (Doc 10). The…
The Dutch Revolt ultimately resulted in the Union of Utrecht, uniting the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Phillip II of Spain. The newly formed Dutch Republic, or United Provinces of the Netherlands, was the wealthiest and most trade engaged nation in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries. Components like geographic location, economic superiority, and religious toleration led to the vast popularization of the Netherlands. However, this Golden Age was not prolonged. From 1650 to 1713, the Dutch Republic encountered many challenges involving security, unity, and prosperity. These challenges included conflicts with foreign nations, progressive disunity of the provinces, and ongoing trade issues which would lead to the ultimate decline of Dutch success.…
Between the settlement of Jamestown in 1607 and the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the most important change that occurred in the colonies was the emergence of a society quite different from that in England. Changes in religion, economics, politics, and social structure illustrate this Americanization of the transplanted Europeans.…
The challenges to the security, unity, and prosperity in the Dutch Republic, otherwise known as the Netherlands, in the seventeenth and eighteenth century were mostly routed in the wars between England, France, and the Dutch Republic (which led to the end of the Dutch’s Golden Age and the start of their economic decline). The challenges varied from one to another; whether it was military conflicts, the shifting of alliances, the decay in oversea trade, or the disunity among the provinces. Despite the immense role these challenges played in the downfall of the Netherlands, the key factor was the disunity of the seven provinces. This disunity was the Netherlands tragic flaw and led to their downfall.…
Seeing the Dutch trading monopolies in trade, other European nations went to war with the Dutch and won in a series of decisive victories. In the 3 Anglo-Dutch wars, the English defeated the Dutch and, as seen in Doc 3, seized 2000-2700 ships, compared to the Dutch capture of 500 ships merchant ships. Clearly, these Anglo-Dutch wars damaged the Dutch trade dominance. Many nations besides England wished to take part in the Dutch trade, and used violence to take their share. As the need to “take over part of it for themselves” (Doc 7 ) increased, the urge for war as a means of obtaining Dutch wealth increased as well. The treaty of Dover, which is a published document, and therefore a reflection of the actions and plans of the ruling, showed that this increased interest in the Dutch led to alliances (in this treaty, between England and France) against the Dutch. The “allied sovereigns …jointly declare war on the Dutch Republic.” (Doc 6) These wars exhausted the Dutch resources, so that the provinces would eventually become “overwhelmed or flooded…ruining [Dutch] commerce.” (Doc 8) This document, written by the Dutch ambassador, accurately reflects the concerns and reality as seen by the Dutch rulers and nobility. The military that “suffered extremely” (Doc 14) was deteriorating, and the Republic was, due to the combined efforts of the other…
From the 1600’s up until the early 1700’s, the British Colonies were in a state of salutary neglect. Thereafter, the British executed the Navigation Acts, though loosely enforced, they were created in order to regulate trade between the Colonies and the mother country. The relationship between Britain and it’s colonies was a civil one up until it was greatly reformed with the events of the French and Indian War. The war significantly affected the economic, political, and economic relationship between the colonies and the mother country, the British want for control and their restrictions left the colonies seeing their mother country in a different light. In addition to the events over the course of the war, the economic aftermath of the war’s debts also left the colonies to suffer the British need of revenue.…
1. The stable arrangement between the colonists and Brittan began to crumble, a victim of the imperial rivalry between France and Brittan…
The British had their country to fund and manage, and the king’s only reason to send them over in the first place is to pay for that and make more money on top of it. Initially a philosophy of salutary neglect was a standard practice of the British government, however when the British wanted to cripple the Dutch economy, the passed the Navigation Acts, which essentially banned the trade of goods between colonies and countries other than Britain. The British government also passed the Sugar Act to tax the colonists even more. The response was not so welcoming.…
How the Dutch and English became successful was not only in trading but being merchants and bankers as well. When the other countries were busy fighting each other the Dutch were specializing in trading with them. Out of 20,000 trading vessels 16,000 of them were Dutch ships." In the early 1400's two thirds were based in Amsterdam."The English and Dutch went to war over trading not only once but three times. The first was fought in 1652-54 the second in 1665-67 the third and final was in 1672-74 with the Dutch being the victor at Solo Bay in 1672. The most important thing to the Dutch was there trading, they even came up with something called the Maritime Insurance: with this people didn't lose out on the profit. When the ships left port and out to sea nobody knew what would happen or if they were going to make it back, till the ship sailed into the harbor once aging. The Dutch even design a ship that was able to carry more goods and less people, it was a large bulk- carrying vessel called a flute or fly boat. The Dutch had trading stations and supply depots in many ports to name a few were: Norway, Ceylon, Java, Sumatra, Formosa," which they took control of by 1641." They were also the first to dominate the Baltic trade route between Spain, France, and England. The Dutch were able to pay a higher price for your goods and also give you credit, in doing this even if the crops were not ready yet the farmers still made sure they had something to sell to the Dutch. This meant a lower profit margin but the Dutch were able to profit since they had so much trade. There was even a market for Dutch paintings they were the first one to paint every day citizens doing every day things: form standing at the market, celebrations, or just having a good time. The colors and demotions of the paintings is what made they more life like.…
The events and sentiments that ran through 17th century England were perhaps as paradoxical as Charles the 1st’s head being sewn back to his body after his execution. This era saw a polarization of thought, action and outcome in regards to several events, people and institutions. The height of this polarization existed between the monarchy and the parliament, as questions arose in regards to the extent of power the king could wield, and the extent of power Parliament was willing to allow the king to wield. The two ends of the power spectrum were absolute monarchy , which gave the king unlimited powers, or “royal prerogatives” according to the Stuarts due to their “divine right” to exercise it, and the other a constitutional monarchy , where…
In 17 March 1824, the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, which was also known as the Treaty of London, was signed by Hendrik Fagel and Anton Reinhard Falck for the Dutch, George Canning and Charles Watkin WIlliams Wynn for the UK. The purpose for signing the treaty was to address the issues faced when the British inhabits the Dutch properties during the Napoleonic Wars. The treaty was signed in London without the consent of local rulers.…