The differences between classical and Keynesian economics are many, but they can be categorized into a few key areas. In general, classical economists would like to see the government stay out of the economy, and try to influence it as little as possible. Keynesian economists, who follow the philosophy of famous economist John Maynard Keynes, by contrast, do not strongly advocate for a position. Those that follow this policy generally believe in strong fiscal policy, and a central banking system that can help to improve national economies.
i. One of the areas of difference deals with monetary policy.
The classical economists hold to a belief that governments should not influence economies, or pursue a "hands-off" policy, often referred to by the French term, laissez-faire. The Keynesian economists believe that demand is very much influenced by government decisions, both at the federal level and lower levels. In other words, Keynesians believe governments do and should influence the business cycle. ii. Another big difference between classical and Keynesian economics deals with the outlook each one has concerning the future.
Classical economists tend to be more focused on long-term results. Keynesians, on the other hand, tend to be focused on shorter-term problems that they believe may need immediate attention. Those subscribing to the Keynesian philosophy tend to believe that short-term problems are not easily correctable, and will therefore influence the long-term outlook. iii. Inflation and unemployment are also big differences between the two.
Keynesians tend to be more concerned with unemployment than inflation. Classical economists, while concerned about unemployment to a certain extent, tend to be more concerned with inflationary pressures, believing inflation can be a bigger danger to the economy over the long term. iv. Pricing is