DNA or Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid by definition is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all modern living organisms. Its function is a medium of long-term storage and transmission of genetic information. Some unique features would be the helix geometry of DNA is of B-form. DNA is protected in the nucleus, as it is tightly packed. DNA can be damaged by exposure to ultra-violet rays. The predominant structure in DNA is double stranded molecules with a long chain of nucleotides. Sugars included deoxyribose sugar; phosphate backbone; Four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. The pairing in DNA double helix is A-T(Adenine-Thymine), G-C(Guanine-Cytosine). Stability in DNA is conducted by Deoxyribose sugar in DNA is less reactive because of C-H bonds. It is stable in alkaline conditions. DNA has smaller grooves, which makes it harder for enzymes to "attack" DNA. DNA is self replicating.
RNA or Ribo Nucleic Acid by definition is a single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil bonded to the ribose. RNA molecules are involved in protein synthesis and sometimes in the transmission of genetic information. Is function is Transfer the genetic code needed for the creation of proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome. Some unique features include the helix geometry of RNA is of A-Form. RNA strands are continually made, broken down and reused. RNA is more resistant to damage by Ultra-violet rays. RNA is a single-stranded molecule in most of its biological roles and has a shorter chain of nucleotides. Sugars included ribose sugar; phosphate backbone. Four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. The pairing consist of A-U(Adenine-Uracil), G-C(Guanine-Cytosine). Stability in RNA is conducted of ribose sugar is more reactive because of C-OH (hydroxyl) bonds. Not stable in alkaline conditions. RNA has larger grooves, which makes it easier to be attacked by enzymes. RNA is synthesized from DNA when needed.
References: Wikipedia: SCIENCE, BIOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY DNA VS RNA
References: Wikipedia: SCIENCE, BIOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY DNA VS RNA
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