DVORAK, KATHARINE L. “After Apocalypse, Moses.” Masters and Slaves in the House of the Lord: Race and Religion in the American South, 1740-1870, edited by John B. Boles, 1st ed., University Press of Kentucky, 1988, pp. 173–191. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt130hss4.11. Katherine Dvorak discusses an important difference in the body of the Christian church before and after the Civil War. More specifically, the fact that before the civil war free slaves and negroes would worship alongside their white counterpart, albeit sitting in different pews, but the same blood of Christ and the same rituals. Katherine Dvorak makes it clear that we do not know the true reason behind the racial separation of the church but does provide evidence for multiple possibilities. Immediately after the civil war, attention then changes to be more specific in the operations and power structures of the newly racially segregated black…
Albert J. Raboteu’s, Slave Religion: The ‘Invisible Institution’ in the Antebellum South, seeks to provide an overview of the history and institution of slaves in American history. By providing samplings of hymns, songs, and stories of first hand accounts, Raboteu provides the reader with earnestness and a desire for self-reflection. In this paper I will provide a brief summary of Raboteu’s major themes and a short response.…
Scholars writing on the influential capacity of the black church frequently breeze over their claims that traditional scholarship on the black church supports the notion that the black church is apolitical and leads its members to turn away from 'thisworldly ' concerns to concerns of the afterlife, or 'otherworldly ' concerns. Few, if any, explicitly cite whom these scholars are, or go in depth with their explanations and interpretations. Nevertheless, much literature is written to counter those positions. The main scholarship within this field thus focuses on the proving that the black church is in fact a mechanism capable of doling out political leaders, communities, and discourses. Some of the literature engages the beginnings of the black church and its conception during slavery, when it was used as means of maintaining humanity for slaves, but most of the literature focuses on 20th century applications of the black Christianity, such as during the 1930s, when blacks in Alabama controversially merged Marxism with Christianity, or during the civil rights movement, when churches were used as recruiting, training, and organizing platforms. I begin this literature review discussing critiques of the approaches for interpreting the activity of the black church that scholars have used to conclude on its apolitical nature. Jacqueline S. Mattis provides an alternative lens for viewing the interactions of black churches within the community that…
W.E.B. Bois believed in and valued. He contemplated on the reasons why the Negros had not taken their rightful position in the society even after the freedom of reconstruction period (Washington 65). The whites still occupied major positions in the society while the blacks were considered as the second human beings. Their thought that the slavery period was concluded did not ring sense in the minds of their former masters. Being a scholar, Mr. Du Bois advocated for the few learned blacks to be aggressive at seeking the available positions in governance. He had the hope that if they continued to forge towards their desire then one of their bright young men could represent them at the high positions. The agenda of equity was further advocated by the church missionaries who regarded life as God-given and that all people were created equally (Horne…
As the great parts of the Afro-American history, Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois played the most important roles in the problem of Negro leadership of nineteenth- twentieth centuries. The Negro leadership problem caused considerable debate among Negro leaders: how to obtain first-class citizenship for the Negro American. Some black leaders encouraged Negroes to become skilled workers. Others advocated struggle for civil rights, especially the right to vote. In the theory it would lead to the economic and social rights. The two remarkable black men were presenting two opposite solutions of the most heated controversy in Negro leadership at that time. For two decades Washington was the founder and the trustworthy base of a dominant tone…
On January 1, 1863, the United States’ Negro population was proclaimed “henceforth and forever free” according to President Abraham Lincoln’s establishment of the Emancipation Proclamation. However, years after its release, the Negro population was still mistreated. After the Civil War, white southerners were relentless in establishing themselves as the superior race. The newly implemented Black Codes restricted African Americans' of their new freedom and essentially began a new form of slavery. African Americans experienced violent discrimination and devastating poverty daily. In an attempt to diminish this oppression, two great and well respected leaders of the black community, Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois, offered contrasting approaches. Both methods contributed to the movement; however, one was more appropriate for the time period. Overall, Washington’s philosophy of self help and acceptance of discrimination was the better fit.…
Many nations throughout history have admired the wealth and democratic freedoms that individuals have in America. This admiration stems from the special nature of our population, choice of religious beliefs, racial mix of people, and cultural that makes this nation a melting pot. African American culture is one of several nationalities that make America special. Without African Americans contributions this nation would not be as great of a country. Even though we continue to face racial division in the United States, African Americans within that last 40 years have contributed positively to political issues as well as educational influence. This essay will explore the lives of…
Jim Lawson taught impressionable Black college students at the First Baptist Church in Nashville, TN Social Gospel idea’s. Lawson’s sermons would include, “The evil of racism, the evil of poverty, the evil of war.” (Lewis et al pg. 77). Moreover, Lawson was calling the college students into action by speaking of the inequitable treatment his people endured. Action that included sit-ins and non-violent protests. According to King, “Love is one of the pinnacle parts of the Christian faith. There is another side called justice, and justice is really love in calculation.” The essence of Kings statement is that segregation, unfair working conditions, poor education for Black children, poverty, illiteracy, hate-based crime, and deaths were some of the discriminatory treatments the African Americans faced. In the face of diversity, the Social Gospel fought injustice treatment with love, that is how justice is really love in calculation. One could ask himself how could I contend they challenged injustice with love? Because, the golden rule of Christianity tells us to “Love thy neighbor.” (KJV Mark 12: 30-31). Leaders of the early Civil Rights Movement became mentors to impressionable college…
There are many questions that come to mind when looking at the significant roles denominationalism affects the Christian faith. We see this growing trend of doctrinal beliefs that cause for many of our African American Churches to worship separately on a weekly bases for Sunday Morning Worship Services and Mid-Week Bible Studies. Through the incorporation of doctrinal beliefs that govern our churches making for divisions within the Christian faith, we also find division and difference within that denomination also. I ask myself this question, how and why there are so many denominations founded and why are there so many sub-cultures or denominational split within them if we are the Body of Christ and one church?…
How grave it is for one human being to devise or seek ways to conquer another and then force them into labor that is not for their benefit. Such was the case when African Americans were forcefully bought to America to be slaves. History has shed a great deal of light on the cruelties that they faced as slaves. As much as we try to organize history and understand what they actually went through, we will never understand the totality of their broken spirits, unbearable physical pain, and the destruction of their families. To add insult to injury they were forced to worship a god that they had no knowledge of, who according to the slave owners loved them but made them slaves to serve their masters. They were also taught scriptures from the bible of their new god that justified the inhuman treatment they constantly received.…
Introduced in the post civil rights era, The Prosperity Gospel was preached to the Black community as a scripture in which to live their lives. Mainly, this religious practice was based upon having faith in God without any sin in your life and in return God will deliver to you all things on Earth. As this gospel developed over time it became more evident that preachers sought to make out that when “God delivers to you all things on Earth” these things would be in the form of material riches. The preaching of the Prosperity Gospel has been made out to emphasize individualism with conservative Christian values, subtly create inclusion & exclusion throughout the black community, and elevate corrupted African American pastors…
There were a lot of religions in Colonial America. Some of the religions were Quakers, Catholics, Christians, Lutherans, Puritans, and Jews. Government and local towns tried to enforce strict religious observance. There were many religions so people could follow any religion they choose.…
The first of the churches was founded by two former slaves, Richard Allen and Absalom Jones. The African Methodist Episcopal Church was established in 1792. These churches created many leaders in the fight for racial equality and the abolishment of slavery. The churches were open to both free blacks and slaves. White slave owners would bring their slaves to church with them and justified slavery by saying that the church is teaching them Christianity even though they experienced very little access to a quality service. These new “black” churches gave African Americans the chance to decipher the bible in their own way and spiritual traditions which have carried on still to this day. Along with these new traditions created leadership roles in the church which were nonexistent in the mainstream churches.…
Religion plays a major role in individuals’ lives. For instance, many people have harbored the thought that religion is a reserve for the poor and downtrodden. However, contrary to such propositions, religion is vital in awakening people’s spirituality while at the same time signifies the moral tenets of the faith one subscribes to (Potrafke, 353-386). During the time of slavery in the United States, it is affirmed that most, if not all, African-American religious beliefs were borrowed from European American. Most importantly is the fact that slave women were lured into accepting different religion in that most of them worked in the houses of their masters thereby could easily pass the knowledge to their children. As such, European beliefs…
To sustain the many privileges of the white society, the tripartite system of racial segregation was formed. In order to function properly, the “tripartite system of domination” aimed to control the blacks in three distinct ways: economically, politically and personally.…