Rizal Edy Halim Department of Management Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia
Abstract Brand that manages to bring a meaningful impression on consumers are more likely to win a special attention. Value-added brands are also more likely to win a distinctive spot in consumers’ minds. In addition, brand could affect consumers’ brand affection and brand trust. Consumers attempt to choose the brand they want with the consideration of the value of purpose and pleasure (Batra & Athola, 1990), availability, uniqueness, quality (Sheth, 2001), etc. This research is conducted to discover the effect of the relationship of brand trust and brand affect toward brand performance mediated by purchase loyalty and attitudinal loyalty as units of consumer brand loyalty. This research uses one product category (instant coffee), consisting of four brands (Nescafe, Torabika, ABC, and Kapal Api). Keywords : Brand Affect, Brand Trust, Brand Loyalty
Electronic copy of this paper is available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=925169
Introduction Brands act as a distinctive factor that distinguishes one product from the other. For example, consumers are no longer buying coffee but choosing brands in the market, i.e. Nescafe, Torabika, ABC, Kapal Api, etc. Consumer sensitivity is the sensitivity or perceptiveness of consumers towards an object (brand) that builds their pattern of behavior towards the object. Producers of the various instant coffee brands can provide a detailed explanation on the differences of the brands. Consumers see the differences in the package, logo, color, even the shape of fonts used by the brands. This is called consumer sensitivity. Therefore, it is very important for producers to manage their brand to make their products a success in the market. A highly, professionally managed
References: Aaker David.A (1991), “Managing Brand Equity”, The Free Press, New York. ____________(1996), “ Buliding Strong Brands”, The Free Press, New York. ____________& Joachimsthaler Erich (2000), “Brand Leadership”, The Free Press, New York. Agung I.G.N (2002), “ Statisitika : Analisis Hubungan Kausal Berdasarkan Data Kategorik”, Cetakan kedua (Feb.2002), RajaGrafindo Persada, Jakarta. Assael Henry (1998),“Consumer Behavior and Marketing Action”, South-Western College Publishing, Ohio. 12 Aurifeille, Clerfeuille Fabrice, & Quester Pascale (2001), “Consumers Attitudinal Profiles: An Examination at the Congruence between Cognitive, Affective, and Conative Space”, Advanced in Consumer Research, Vol.28: 301-308. Bloemer, Jose.M.M (1998), “ Brand Choice Involvement And Commitment : Two Different Though Related Concepts”, European Advanced in Consumer Research, Vol.3 : 21-31. Bollen Kenneth.A (1989), “Structural Equation With Latent Variables”, John Wiley & Sons,Inc. Chaudhuri,Arjun & Holbrook, Morris B (2001), “The Chain Of Effect From Brand trust and Brand Affect To Brand performance : The Role Of Brand Loyalty”, Journal Of Marketing, 65 (April): 81-93. _______________(1999), ”The Effect Of Brand Attitudes And Brand Loyalty On Brand performance”, European Advanced in Consumer research, Vol.4: 276. _______________(1998), “Antecedents Of Brand Loyalty : The Role Of Perceived Risk”, European Advanced in Consumer Research, Vol.3 : 32. Delgado-Ballester (2001), “Brand trust in The Context of Customer Loyalty”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol.35: 1238-1258. Dhar, Ravi & Wertenbroch, Klaus (2000), “Consumer Choice Between Hedonic and Utilitarian Goods”, Journal Of Marketing Research, Vol.37 (February) : 60-71. Dholakia, Utpal M. (1997), “An Investigation Of Some Determinants Of Brand Commitment”, Advanced in Consumer Research, Vol.24: 381-387. Garbarino, Ellen & Johnson, Mark S. (1999), “The Different Roles Of Satisfaction, Trust, Commitment in Customer Relationship “, Journal Of Marketing, Vol.63 (April) : 70-87. Hair Joseph.P.Jr, Anderson Rolph.E, Tatham Ronald.L, & Black William.C (1998), “Multivariate Data Analysis”,5th ed, Prentice-Hall,Inc. New Jersey. Joreskog Karl & Sorbom Dag (1996),”Lisrel 8: Users Reference Guide”, SSI,Inc. Chicago. Kapferer Jean-Noel (1992), “Strategic Brand Management: New Approaches to Creating and Evaluating Brand Equity”, The Free Press, New York. Keller, Kevin Lane (1993), “Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing CustomerBased Brand Equity”, Journal of Marketing, 57 (January):1-22. _________________(2001), “ Building Customer-Based Brand Equity”, Marketing Management, (July-August) : 15-19. Knapp Duane.E (2000), “The Brand Mindset”, McGraw-Hill, New York. Knox Simon & Maklan Stan (1998), “Competing On Value: Bridging the Gap between Brand and Customer Value”, Financial Times Pitman Publishing, London. Lepla F.Joseph & Parker Lynn.M (1999), “Integrated Branding; Becoming Brand-Driven Through Companywide Action”, Qourum Books, Greenwood Publishing Group,Inc. McEnally & Chernatory (1999), “The Evolving Nature of Branding: Consumer and Managerial Considerations”, Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.2. Oliver, Richard L. (1999), “Whence Customer Loyalty”, Journal Of Marketing, Vol.63 (Special Issue): 33-44. 13 Pearson Steward (1996),” Building Brands Directly: Creating Business Value from Customer Relationship”, Macmillan Business. Schiffman Leon.G & Kanuk Leslie Lazar (2000), “Consumer Behavior”, 7th edition, Prentice-Hall.Inc, New Jersey. Sheth, Jagdish.N (2001), “Competitive Advantage Through Customer Satisfaction”, Bombay Management Association Review: 13-25. Spangenberg, Eric R., Voss, Kevin E., and Crowley, Ayn E. (1997), “Measuring the Hedonic and Utilitarian Dimensions of Attitude: A Generally Applicable Scale”, Advanced in Consumer Research, Vol.24: 235-241. Szymanski, David M. & Henard, David H. (2001),” Customer Satisfaction: A MetaAnalysis Of The Empirical Evidence”, Journal Of The Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.29 (1):16-35. 14