Preview

The Four Stages Of Cellular Respiration

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1218 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
The Four Stages Of Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is basically what cells do to break down sugars into a form that the cell can utilize as energy. Cellular respiration takes in food and uses it to create ATP. ATP is a chemical which the cell uses for energy. The are two forms of cellular respiration, aerobic and anaerobic respiration, in which will be explained. Regular cellular respiration is aerobic, meaning that it requires oxygen, but some simple organisms can only do anaerobic cellular respiration, which means that it does not require energy. The simplified formula/word equation for aerobic respiration is: Glucose (sugar) + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (as ATP). Aerobic cellular respiration has four stages. Each is important and could
…show more content…
The primary objective of the Link Reaction is to create Acetyl CoA so that it may be used in the Krebs Cycle. The link reaction marks the beginning of the aerobic reactions. Aerobic is an adjective that means 'requiring oxygen' and in aerobic respiration, when a cell needs to release energy, the cytoplasm and mitochondria organelles begin chemical exchanges that results in the breakdown of glucose. Once the breakdown is complete, this sugar is carried through the bloodstream and stored in the body as a fast source of energy. In plants, the energy-releasing process of photosynthesis uses CO2 and releases oxygen as its by product. Another part if the link stage is Anaerobic …show more content…
The Krebs cycle provides the hydrogen and electrons needed for the electron transport chain (which is the final stage of cellular respiration) and it takes place inside mitochondria better known as the powerhouse of the cell. It is also where ATP is produced and utilized. The Krebs cycle begins with production of acetyl co-A, which is created by the combination of pyruvate with the enzyme coenzyme A. Acetyl co-A then combines with oxaloacetic acid, creating the six-carbon molecule of citric acid. Once this happens a series of enzymatic catalysts propel as many as ten reactions of the Krebs cycle. The catalysts transform various molecules, such as NAD (nicotinamide adenine). The molecule NAD receives high energy electrons transmitted by multiple enzymatic steps. NAD forms NADH after binding to the electrons. During the Krebs cycle, two molecules of ATP are created which will fuel the cellular process of any living

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Biology Summary Guide 7.2

    • 497 Words
    • 2 Pages

    1. Aerobic respiration has two major stages; the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain.…

    • 497 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Krebs Cycle Lab Report

    • 297 Words
    • 2 Pages

    he Krebs Cycle also expressed as: CH3C(=O)C(=O)O− (pyruvate) + HSCoA + NAD+ → CH3C(=O)SCoA (acetyl-CoA) + NADH + CO2 is the main pathway in all aerobic organisms. Basically it’s the way that cells produce energy for itself, but the only issue is it requires the presence of oxygen. In total eight reactions that take place in the mitochondria, and these reactions result in two carbon molecules and oxidizes it into carbon dioxide. Step 1 Citrate synthase bridges to Oxaloacetate substrates which can then bind to Acetyl–CoA’s acetyl group, which drops off the A Co-enzyme. This in turn created citrates for usage later in the Krebs cycle. This six-carbon molecule will be degraded, and biotransformed back into Oxaloacetate.Step 2The citrate isn't…

    • 297 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    During the Krebs cycle: the products of glycolysis are further broken down, generating additional ATP and the high-energy electron carrier NADH…

    • 500 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    GRT1 Task 4

    • 964 Words
    • 4 Pages

    -In order to make ATP (energy), glucose and fructose need to go through glycolysis and enter the Krebs cycle.…

    • 964 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Sci 230 Essay Example

    • 897 Words
    • 4 Pages

    This reaction occurs in the cytoplasm and is also considered the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.…

    • 897 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    2) Link reaction- the conversion of the 3-carbon pyruvate molecule into carbon dioxide and a 2-carbon acetyl co-enzyme A molecule. No ATP is produced during this stage.…

    • 1000 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Cellular respiration includes the processes of glycolysis, krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is used to convert glucose to produce two pyruvate as well as 4 ATP’s and 2 NADH but uses 2 ATP to have a net product of 2 ATP and 2 NADH. The krebs cycle converts pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, which produces 2 ATP,8 NADH, and 2 FADH’s per glucose molecule. Electron transport Chain is the last and most important step of cellular respiration, it makes ATP with the movement of electrons from high energy to low energy that makes a proton gradient which makes ATP, this cannot occur unless oxygen is present. Fermentation is an anaerobic process in which converts sugars into acids, alcohol, or alcohol. This process occurs in yeast and bacteria as well as muscle cells that have no oxygen left. In yeast fermentation produces ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide from glucose and fructose. Fermentation in bacteria cells the process of fermentation produces ethanol, while in human muscle cells fermentation produces lactic acid in cells that have a short…

    • 1719 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Unit two Biology

    • 7492 Words
    • 30 Pages

    The link reaction is given that name because it provides the link between the two main series of reactions in aerobic respiration – glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. The Krebs cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion. It is a series of reactions in which a six-carbon compound is gradually changed to a four-carbon compound. First, the acetyl coA made in the link reaction combines with a four-carbon compound called oxaloacetate.…

    • 7492 Words
    • 30 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Explain what occurs during the Krebs (citric acid) cycle and electron transport by describing the following:…

    • 952 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Glycolysis is where glucose is split into two molecules of 3-carbon sugars. This produces 2ATP, 2 pyruvic acid, and 2 high energy. In The Citric Acid Cycle, Acetyl CoA is created. NAD and FAD are reduced carrying the high energy electrons to the next stage. In the Electron Transport, high energy electrons are passed to oxygen where ATP is then produced.…

    • 286 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Cell Energy

    • 520 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The citric acid cycle takes specific compounds that donate protons and electrons to the electron transport chain which then generates ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation all of which occurs inside the mitochondria.…

    • 520 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cellular respiration is an ATP-producing catabolic process in which the electron receiver is an inorganic molecule. It is the release of energy from organic compounds by chemical oxidation in the mitochondria within each cell. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can all be metabolized, but cellular respiration usually involves glucose: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 Kcal of energy/mole of glucose oxidized. Cellular respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway that occurs in the cytosol and partially oxidizes glucose into two pyruvate (3-C). The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria and breaks down a pyruvate (Acetyl-CoA) into carbon dioxide. These two cycles both produce a small amount of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation and NADH by transferring electrons from substrate to NAD+. The Krebs cycle also produces FADH2 by transferring electrons to FAD. The electron transport chain is located at the inner membrane of the mitochondria and accepts energized electrons from enzymes that are collected during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, and…

    • 1687 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation are the three stages that coordinate to carry out the energy harvesting function of respiration. Occurring in the cytosol, glycolysis initiates the catabolic process by breaking down glucose into two molecule of pyruvate, where most of the potential energy is stockpiled. Through the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is further oxidized in the mitochondrial matrix, where the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed. In glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, some ATP synthesis occurs through substrate level phosphorylation . However, a majority of the ATP produced by respiration comes from the metabolic pathway of oxidative phosphorylation.…

    • 644 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    As glycolysis proceeds it releases energy and the energy is used to produce four molecules of ATP, resulting in a gain of two ATP molecules. Also, high energy electrons are transferred to NAD+, producing two NAD also another energy production. The second step is pyruvate oxidation. Each pyruvate from glucose goes to the inner most spot in matrix of the mitochondria. In the mitochondria pyruvate is converted into a two-carbon molecule bound to coenzyme.…

    • 478 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The first step is called glycolysis which occurs in the cytosol, followed by the Krebs Cycle which occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and lastly oxidative…

    • 636 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays