This piece will demonstrate an understanding of the golden era of East coast hip-hop, from 1986 to 1993, focusing and analysing the historical roots, influences and inspirational individuals, giving reference to musical examples that shaped East coast hip-hop. Attention will also be centred on the legacy left, concentrating on the music that was influenced as well as the resulting change in fashion and political views.
Historical roots & influence
The East coast was influenced somewhat by the traditions of West African culture, the Griots dating back hundreds of years who travelled as poets and lyricists, contributed greatly to the lyricism of East coast hip-hop; the music of the Last Poets, Gil Scott-Heron and Jalal Mansur Nurriddin, had great importance to the development of east coast hip hop with their early raps and rhythm. The furthermost direct influence on East coast hip-hop was the Jamaican style of ‘Toasting’, which consisted of chanting over African American R&B records. African American sailors introduced Toasting’ in the 1960s at dances termed ‘Blues dances’, whilst in port.
The advent of Hip-hop culture can be traced back to the ever more widespread block parties of New York City (1973), where a cross cultralization of African Americans and Puerto Ricans began in the South Bronx. These block parties mostly comprised of DJs playing vernacular genres such as soul, funk and disco, DJ Kool Herc amongst them, was credited with the development of East coast hip-hop, his technique of isolating the ‘break’ from a hard hitting funk track and extending it by using two copies of the same record became very popular. He emigrated to America (1967) from Jamaica bringing with him the already popular DJ style of break-beat mixing used in Jamaican Dub music. He encouraged B-boying or break-dancing, which became part of the four elements of hip-hop culture (B-boying, rap, graffiti and Djing), he introduced a
Bibliography: Krims, A . (2000). Analyzing rap: An outline. Rap Music and the Poetics of Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p12-17. Plough, G. (2004). Hip-Hop is more than just a music to me: The potential for a movement in the culture. Check It While I Wreck It: Black Womanhood, Hip-Hop Culture, and the Public Sphere. Holliston: Northeastern University Press . p3-12. Price, E . (2006). The rise and spread of Hip-hop culture . Hip-Hop Culture. /: ABC-CLIO Ltd . p1-17. Andrew copyright extraordinaire. (2012). Hip Hop Influence Through the Years. Avalable: http://altavozdistroco.com/2012/02/28/hip-hop-influence-through-the-years/. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. Bynoe Y. 2005. HIP-HOP POLITICS: DECONSTRUCTING THE MYTH . Available at: http://funk-the-system.net/hiphopolitics.html. Last accessed 20th Feb 2013. Dubspot. (2012). Marley Marl 'Classic Recipes ' - Recreating Eric B. & Rakim 'Eric B. Is President ' . [Online Video]. 28 November. Available from: http://youtu.be/hvob_fcrRZs. Last accessed: 19th February 2013. Dr. Wilson, J. (2011). What Will Be Hip-Hop 's Legacy?. Available at: http://www.theroot.com/views/what-will-be-hip-hop-s-legacy-it-s-complicated?page=0,1. Last accessed 19th Feb 2013. Hales, L. (2007). James Brown left indelible mark on Black culture. Available: http://www.workers.org/2007/us/james-brown-0111/. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. Wood, J . (2004). RAP MUSIC. Available: http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/his135/Events/Rap79/RapMusic.html. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. Wikipedia. (2013). Rapping. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapping. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. [4] P.2 Dr. Wilson, J. (2011) -----------------------