BRIEFING PAPERS
THE GROWING CONTRIBUTION OF TECHNOLOGY TO DEMOCRACY AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
This briefing paper reviews the increasing contribution of technology to democracy and conflict resolution. It examines the consequences of pervasive Information Communications Technology (ICT) and a global networked society engaged in a state of perpetual communication. The requirement for agile decision making from state to individual level and the effects of the democratisation of technology are discussed. The paper examines the evidence that Moore’s law continues to be extant, contributing to the democratisation of data, through social media. The information deluge will result in more objective knowledge but governments and organisations must be positioned to take advantage of these circumstances. The global situation will become more complex but technology has a key role to play in mitigating conflicts; from increasing awareness, providing more accurate assessments and enabling deeper and more comprehensive conflict resolution. The paper concludes with a discussion on the importance of the freedom to access information and to harness technology as a means to provide the best possible conditions for stable democracy and conflict resolution. Introduction and Background In Paris on the evening of 7 April 1814, two envoys, one British and one French, set off on a journey to the city of Toulouse. They were tasked with conveying a message that Napoleon had unconditionally abdicated and the French Monarchy restored, ending twelve years of war between Britain and France. The envoys arrived in Toulouse on 12 April. The battle of Toulouse was fought on 10 April; the British suffered 4,558 needless casualties, the French 3,236. Technology in today’s world offers very different opportunities for conflict awareness, assessment and resolution. As an example, at the conclusion of 2010, a press statement announced that, ‘The Satellite Sentinel Project -
Bibliography: Arthur, W. B. (2010) The nature of technology, what it is and how it evolves, Penguin. Barabasi, A.L. (2003) Linked. Plume Books. Barabasi, A.L. (2010) Bursts: The hidden pattern behind everything we do, Dutton Books. Bollier, D. (2003). The Rise of Netpolitik – How the Internet is changing International Politics and Diplomacy, The Aspen Institute Communication and Society Program. Burns, T. and Ueberhorst, R. (1988) Creative Democracy: Systematic Conflict Resolution and Policymaking In a World of High Science and Technology, Praeger Publishers. Castells, M. (1997) The Information Age-Economy, Society and Culture, Vol 2: The Power of Identity, Blackwell Publishers. Dahl, R. A. (1971) Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition, Yale University Press. Endsley, M.R. (1995) Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Human Factors 37(1), 32–64. Feaver, P. (1992) Guarding the Guardians; Civilian Control of Nuclear Weapons in the United States. Cornell University Press. Fisher, R.J (1997) Interactive Conflict Resolution, Syracus University Press. Friedman, T. (2000) The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization, Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Friedman, T. (2007) The World is Flat 3.0: A brief history of the Twenty-First Century, Picador. Galtung, J. (2004) Transcend & Transform: An introduction to conflict work, Pluto Press. Held, D., McGrew, A., Goldblatt, D. and Perraton, J. (1999) Global Transformations, Stanford University Press. Pica, D. and Kakihara, M. (2003) The Duality of Mobility: Understanding Fluid Organisations and Stable Interaction, London School of Economics and Political Science. Linz, J and Stepan, A. (1996) Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, SouthAmerica and Post-Communist Europe. John Hopkins University Press. Nye, J. (2004) Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, Preston. Osinga, F. (2006) Science Strategy and War, The Strategic Theory of John Boyd, Routledge. ©2011 Cyberalpha Paschal, P. (2001) Reshaping Communications, Sage Publications. Rosenau, J.N and Singh, J.P (2002) Information Technologies and Global Politics, State University of New York Press. Schuler, D. and Day, P. (2004) Shaping the Network Society- The New Role of Civil Society in Cyberspace, The MIT Press. Smith, R. (2007) The Utility of Force: The Art of War in the Modern World, Allen Lane. Tomes, R. (2004). Relearning Counterinsurgency Warfare, Parameters, Spring, US Army War College. Cyberαlphα Limited is a new company formed in late 2010 to spin-out and commercialise certain technologies and knowledge from the National Defence, Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism areas in pursuit of opportunities in the areas of Human Rights, Law Enforcement, Media, Insurance and Financial Services. Run by a capable and dynamic management team, where collaborative relationships afford the development of innovative technology solutions, applicable to various real world challenges. The company is fast moving, fleet-of-foot, and poised for rapid growth. Everything is connected. ©2011 Cyberalpha