The Historical Development of Counselling
David Baty Theory Assignment 1
1.1 Explain the historical development of Counselling
Counselling and Psychotherapy began in the early 18th century. The shift in how society dealt with mental health issues came about primarily due to the advent of the popularisation of science through the beginning of the industrial revolution. Society became increasingly transient and anonymous and the responsibility for behaviour became from the individual rather than from the community as a whole.
In the 1880’s Sigmund Freud developed a theory about the unconscious mind and went on to create psychoanalysis.
Many therapists have been influenced by Freud and gone on to develop his theories. Freud collaborated with a number of analysts and set up the Vienna Psychoanalytic society.
Notable amongst these is Carl Jung who developed Psychodynamics and focussed on dream analysis. Alfred Adler who’s most famous concept was the inferiority complex and also Otto Rank who was the secretary of the society. B. F Skinner was also influenced by Freud’s work. Skinner rejected the notion of the ‘psyche’ and developed his own theory called ‘radical behaviourism’ which is essentially the science of behaviour.
Abraham Maslow developed the theory of a * Hierarchy of Human Needs (1943) Maslow believed that there where a set number of needs which had to be met before the client was able to achieve self actualisation, a term meaning the client reaching their full potential.
Carl Rogers was the main proponent of person centred therapy which began in the 1940’s.
This approach was Humanistic and saw the client rather than the therapist as the expert of their life.
Person centred therapy believes the client holds the answers and has the power of autonomy. The counsellor is there to help facilitate this process by use of the core conditions.
This humanistic approach relies less on medical knowledge and training and more on lay analysis. The principles of humanistic medicine are
1.1 Explain the historical development of Counselling
Counselling and Psychotherapy began in the early 18th century. The shift in how society dealt with mental health issues came about primarily due to the advent of the popularisation of science through the beginning of the industrial revolution. Society became increasingly transient and anonymous and the responsibility for behaviour became from the individual rather than from the community as a whole.
In the 1880’s Sigmund Freud developed a theory about the unconscious mind and went on to create psychoanalysis.
Many therapists have been influenced by Freud and gone on to develop his theories. Freud collaborated with a number of analysts and set up the Vienna Psychoanalytic society.
Notable amongst these is Carl Jung who developed Psychodynamics and focussed on dream analysis. Alfred Adler who’s most famous concept was the inferiority complex and also Otto Rank who was the secretary of the society. B. F Skinner was also influenced by Freud’s work. Skinner rejected the notion of the ‘psyche’ and developed his own theory called ‘radical behaviourism’ which is essentially the science of behaviour.
Abraham Maslow developed the theory of a * Hierarchy of Human Needs (1943) Maslow believed that there where a set number of needs which had to be met before the client was able to achieve self actualisation, a term meaning the client reaching their full potential.
Carl Rogers was the main proponent of person centred therapy which began in the 1940’s.
This approach was Humanistic and saw the client rather than the therapist as the expert of their life.
Person centred therapy believes the client holds the answers and has the power of autonomy. The counsellor is there to help facilitate this process by use of the core conditions.
This humanistic approach relies less on medical knowledge and training and more on lay analysis. The principles of humanistic medicine are