Peace and Security in Nigeria and Ghana
By
Ifeanyi Okechukwu C.
161669
A Dissertation Submitted to the Department of Peace and Conflict, Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirement for the Award of Degree of Master of Arts (M.A.) in Peace and
Conflict Studies
Supervisor:
Dr. Nathaniel Danjibo
September 2012
1
CERTIFICATION
I certify that this research work was carried out by OKECHUKWU, Ifeanyi C. with
Matriculation Number 161669 of the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies Programme,
Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Nigeria under my supervision
……………………..
Supervisor
……………………….
Date
Dr. Nathaniel Danjibo
Department of Peace and Conflict Studies
Institute of African Studies
University of Ibadan,
Ibadan, Nigeria.
2
DEDICATION
To all Peacemakers in West Africa
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My immense gratitude goes to Ononuju Okwaragwoma for his assistance throughout the duration of my research. Also to all monitors and analysts of the National Early Warning System of WANEP in Ghana and Nigeria.
My colleagues and friends at the secretariat I say thank you for your encouragement.
4
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AU
African Union
CSO
Civil Society Organizations
ECOSOC
Economic, Social and Cultural Council
ECOWARN ECOWAS Warning and Response Network
ECOWAS
Economic Community of West African States
ECPF
ECOWAS Conflict Prevention Framework
EWS
Early Warning System
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
GPPAC
Global Partnership for Prevention of Armed Conflict
HRW
Human Rights Watch
HSC
Human Security Centre
ICT
Information, Communication and Technology\
IGO
International Governmental Organizations
IPCR
Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution
NEWS
National Early Warning System
NGO
Non Governmental Organizations
PVO
Private Voluntary Organizations
REC
Regional Economic
References: Security Centre (UN, 2005), the developmental and security consequences of armed conflicts cannot be over-stated