In the case of Spain, during the Middle ages Spain was under Muslim power until the final expulsion in the 15th century. In the 11th century, a small Christian Spanish Kingdoms started to take to offensive against the Muslim. By the end of the twelve century, Spain was consulted in four different kingdoms: Castle, Aragon, Navarre and Portugal. Castle and Aragon were the two strongest Spanish Kingdoms. In the other hand, Germany and Italy did not create a centralized kingdom because of their weak kings. In Germany, the kings had come to rely on their ability to control the church and elect bishops and abbots as royal administrators. Frederick I tried to create a new kind of empire where Italy might be added as a appendage. He wanted to incorporate Rome and the Papal States into his empire. He had difficulties and finally failed. Frederick II was King of Sicily and King of Germany, and his goal was to establish a centralized state in Italy. Italy was divided in three: the papal states, the kingdom of Sicily and the republic of Venice. The northern Italy cities and the papal states did not want to give their…
The Holy Roman Empire was located in central/western Europe and was composed of countries that can today be identified as Italy, France, and Germany. How was 14th century Italy politically organized and how did it differ from France and…
Throughout World War I, an exclusive and unmatched civil-military association was made. The U.S. regime and its army worked carefully with noncombatant leaders to convey an associated conquest in Europe. Enlistment was convoluted by America’s multiplicity which replicated dominant class, cultural, ethnic, and philosophical dissimilarities. Marshaling public view stimulated a super partisan and patriotic passion that intensified into mass frenzy and eventually commanded full conventionality. Demobilization exertions comprised finding occupations for militaries – a sweat the War Section commenced out of a sensation of accountability and panic of intruding militancy. This article examines three multifaceted concerns in America’s World War I civilian-army account: mobilization, marshaling public outlook, and dismissal.…
The second World war is understood as having been started and ended in various fashions. We know this to be true as there is copious amounts of literature analyzing, explaining, investigating, and theorizing "the Rise and Fall of the Third Reich", or as some may prefer , " The Fall and Rise of the 3rd Reich". From these books and works produced on the subject matter, an underlying fundamental truth has been scribed for all to accept at the true story of WWII--or more accurately the allied version of WWII. The general public around the world has some knowledge of the story of Hitler and the Nazi's campaign ending with an Allied victory. With this undeniable knowledge granted to us by hindsight understanding the allied victory is often seen as inevitable. The supporting justification for the Allied victory is the notion…
The north of Italy was largely controlled by Austria, and their military prowess allowed them to greatly dominate the north and quickly stop any revolts…
Charlemagnes determination allowed him to expand his empire. He undertook 54 military campaigns during his rule. He also lead his armies into Italy to conquer the Lombard State. His army also invaded the land of the Bavarians and took them under control. During his rule, Charlemagne insisted the Saxons convert to Christianity and soon took them over. In turn, adding more land to the growing Carolingian empire. (Speilvogel p.138)…
out of the war and to draw German troops away from the Allied advance through Nazioccupied northern Europe aimed at Berlin, Germany. The Italian Campaign, from July…
When the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and the United States became involved in the war, the nation was prepared for the challenges ahead. In the first few years of American involvement in World War II, wartime manufacturing facilities had been constructed throughout the country, creating a vast need for every industry. Employers were in need to fill positions as quickly as possible to meet war production demands. The demand for work made industrialists offer higher wages and other benefits to lure potential laborers away from the competition. They offered medical insurance and an exemption from the draft. As a result of this, many Americans including women started to work in factories. Women played an important role during…
It is always easier to criticize the past and not the present. To take a stance in the present would require courage and sacrifice. To state an opinion about the past simply requires vocal chords. What is the point of studying the past, then? It's simple: the past is one of the keys to a door with numerous locks. Studying the past is one of the things we can use to guide us in the future. Hence, one is undoubtedly entitled to their own opinion about the timing of America's entrance into WWII. The figurative "key" would then be channeling these ideas into beneficial guidance for decisions of the future. In my opinion, the United States waited much too long to declare war upon the Axis. It is feasible to also hypothesize that the scale of war could have been smaller, less lives might have been lost, and less damage might have been inflicted had the U.S. acted sooner. What was the greatest lesson, then? Simple one (society, a nation, an individual) must always be aware of their surroundings.…
Nazi Germany’s obvious political and military ally in Europe was Italy. The Italians had been governed by a fascist regime under Benito Mussolini since 1925. Italian fascism was very much the elder brother of Nazism, a fact Hitler himself acknowledged. Yet for all their ideological similarities, the relationship between Hitler and Mussolini was bumpy and complex. The alignment of their two countries was consequently not as firm as many anticipated. By the late 1930s Germany and Italy had become military allies – however their priorities were still with their own national interests, rather than supporting the interests or ambitions of another country. The union between Nazi Germany and fascist Italy became a marriage of convenience and expedience, rather than a firm alliance of sister states.…
The end of the First World War left those on both sides tired, bitter, and disillusioned with the war itself. For the Americans, who had no wish to go in the first place, the effect of the death toll would weigh heavily upon their souls. The German soldiers, on the other hand, were bitter and angry by the outcome of the war, feeling they were forced to surrender against their will by their government. These details will play a major role in the long road toward the Second World War.…
If I had three wishes I would pick to live again, be able to go to a D1 college when I’m older and play sports in college. I would like to live again because life is fun and full of adventures. Living again would be cool because you be able to be a kid again and experience different things. I want to go to a D1 college because they have great education, and are good at sports. If I went to a D1 college and earned my master’s degree I would have a good oprotunity to have a good job as an adult that pays good money. I would like to play a sport in college because would be a great experience in life.…
Turning back the clocks four hundred years ago and zoom into Europe, there can be found many different small, crowded and somewhat unorganized states and civilizations running about. Some are kingdoms, some are dukedoms, some are neither. A few of these states include Saxony, Franconia, Burgundy, Bavaria, and Austria. These, though, were all vassals of Germanic lands and formed something even greater, and that was the Holy Roman Empire. Though most historians don’t consider it to be very holy, roman, nor an empire, the Holy Roman Empire grew to be one of the most powerful civilizations in Europe during the Middle Ages.…
Before dawn on July 10 of 1943, the American and the British troops, along with Canadian, Free French, and other Allies, planned to invade Italy in the final push to defeat the Axis of Italy and Germany. Beyond their goal of crushing Italian Axis forces, the Allies wanted to draw German troops away from the main Allied advance through Nazi-occupied northern Europe to Berlin in Germany. The campaign ended when Army Group C surrendered unconditionally to the Allies on May 2 of 1945, one week before the formal German Instrument of Surrender. The following is an analysis of the Italian Campaign, as it was a series of Allied beach landings and land battles from Sicily and southern Italy up to the Italian toward Nazi…
From a very young age I was taught that being Italian is so much more than a race. Being Italian means being family oriented. It means understanding the scarifies made to get where you are, and never forgetting where you came from. Being Italian means caring for loved ones more than yourself. But above all, being Italian is about being loyal.…