The Importance Of Sparta

Sparta was a superior city-state in ancient greece. Military was considered important than politics. Losing a battle was not an option against their rival Athens. Both have been fighting non stop until peloponnesian war which Sparta claimed victory. It is never a good idea to face a militaristic opponent. The odds would not be in favor of Athens for any battle with Sparta, thus raising a question why does Sparta have a powerful military.

The Polity of the Spartans was written by Xenophon which he mainly talks about Sparta's military and laws. The passage gives insight that Xenophon is not from Sparta, he is from Athens. One could tell he is an outsider due to his biased remarks and discusses about the harsh military training a Spartan goes through.
Early Spartan training consists of adaptation and survival. A spartan starts of their training with little clothing and on barefoot. While on barefoot, a spartan can adapt to any environment on the ground without a problem. Thus conquering any obstacle such as climbing or going down a mountain. Besides barefoot, little to no clothing helps with the adaptation of the hot and cold environments (Xenophon). With that being said, adaptation is one of the key components of a Spartan training. Survival is other half of the puzzle that fits