The Industrial Society, 1860-1900
Chapter 18- The Industrial Society, 1860-1900
Industrial Development
The Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, P.A. symbolized America’s quick transition into an industrial nation, showcasing items such as the Corliss engine.
The flourishing economy and determination of investors and entrepreneurs catapulted the United States into the global market, even ahead of the leading European competitors of Great Britain, France, and Germany.
Expanding markets and labor conditions grew the industry and government subsidies and lack of intervention allowed for unrestricted growth.
An Empire on Rails
“Emblem of Motion and Power”
Railroads allowed for vast expansion of markets, travel, and communication across the ever-expanding United States.
Building the Empire
Local, state, and federal governments loaded millions of dollars into the railroad industry which led to much corruption including the Crédit Mobilier scandal of the Union Pacific Railroad and the Contract and Finance Company with the Central Pacific.
Federal subsidies came with a catch; the railroad companies had to carry government freight, troops, and mail at substantially reduced rates, saving the federal government nearly $1 billion.
The Pullman cars revolutionized distance travel.
Linking the Nation via Truck Lines
Four main truck lines categorized the Northeast:
The Baltimore and Ohio (B & O) reached Chicago,
The Erie Railroad (NY to Chicago),
The New York Central Railroad (Cornelius Vanderbilt)
Pennsylvania Railroad (J. Edgar Thomson and Thomas A. Scott)
Philadelphia to Pittsburgh, to Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Chicago, NYC, Baltimore, and later Washington.
Automatic couplers, air brakes, refrigerator cars, dining cars, heated cars, electric switches, and stronger locomotives categorized the South as it evolved.
The American Railway Association divided the US into four time zones to distinguish scheduling difficulties.
Rails Across the Continent
The dream of a
Industrial Development
The Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, P.A. symbolized America’s quick transition into an industrial nation, showcasing items such as the Corliss engine.
The flourishing economy and determination of investors and entrepreneurs catapulted the United States into the global market, even ahead of the leading European competitors of Great Britain, France, and Germany.
Expanding markets and labor conditions grew the industry and government subsidies and lack of intervention allowed for unrestricted growth.
An Empire on Rails
“Emblem of Motion and Power”
Railroads allowed for vast expansion of markets, travel, and communication across the ever-expanding United States.
Building the Empire
Local, state, and federal governments loaded millions of dollars into the railroad industry which led to much corruption including the Crédit Mobilier scandal of the Union Pacific Railroad and the Contract and Finance Company with the Central Pacific.
Federal subsidies came with a catch; the railroad companies had to carry government freight, troops, and mail at substantially reduced rates, saving the federal government nearly $1 billion.
The Pullman cars revolutionized distance travel.
Linking the Nation via Truck Lines
Four main truck lines categorized the Northeast:
The Baltimore and Ohio (B & O) reached Chicago,
The Erie Railroad (NY to Chicago),
The New York Central Railroad (Cornelius Vanderbilt)
Pennsylvania Railroad (J. Edgar Thomson and Thomas A. Scott)
Philadelphia to Pittsburgh, to Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Chicago, NYC, Baltimore, and later Washington.
Automatic couplers, air brakes, refrigerator cars, dining cars, heated cars, electric switches, and stronger locomotives categorized the South as it evolved.
The American Railway Association divided the US into four time zones to distinguish scheduling difficulties.
Rails Across the Continent
The dream of a