The great interest in the southern continent roused by his books was sustained throughout the century and the final exploration of the Pacific was carried out by his fellow countrymen. The discovery and settlement of eastern Australia may be viewed as the indirect but none the less real conclusion of all of William Dampier’s work. He died in London in…
waves.jpg (26210 bytes) Heeding the flightpaths of birds was just one of numerous haven-finding methods employed by the Polynesians, whose navigational feats arguably have never been surpassed. The Polynesians traveled over thousands of miles of trackless ocean to people remote islands throughout the southern Pacific. Modern navigators still scratch their heads in amazement at their accomplishment. Like Eskimos study the snow, the Polynesians watched the waves, whose direction and type relinquished useful navigational secrets. They followed the faint gleam cast on the horizon by tiny islets still out of sight below the rim of the world. Seafarers of the Marshall Islands built elaborate maps out of palm twigs and cowrie shells. These ingenious charts, which exist today only in museums, denoted everything from the position of islands to the prevailing direction of the swell.…
-Historians have debated for years about Polynesian people and their sailing.Despite traveling over the vast Pacific Ocean and not being able to navigateusing the land (because of their distance from it, they could not follow the shoreline) The Polynesians left no written records on how they navigated, andhistorians debate over whether they were actually able to navigate or whetherthey just got lost and found their way through the chain of Hawaiian islands, eventhough some were over 2000 miles away from their home ports. Others say thatpeoples from the Americas settled there instead of the Polynesians, however thenative language has ties to Malaysia, the Pacific west, and the Asian continent,disproving this theory. -In 1976, a Polynesian crew proved that it was possible to navigate the Pacificwaters using only observations of stars, currents, and land.…
Between 1831 and 1832 there were more than 10 violent altercations between the Minjerribah people and the European settlers of Dunwich and Amity, which resulted in deaths on both culture’s side. (Thomas Welsby, 1907) In 1847 the British Sovereign sank in the South Passage (Johnston W Ross, 1988, pg.99). It was recognised that the people of Minjerribah and Ngugi were responsible for rescuing the survivors of the ship wreck. (Keats, JA, HM Smith, CC Rogers, and JP Rowe, 1966, pg.10) In the 1850s, the European settlers in the Cleveland area turned to the local Aboriginals when fishing became a major industry as they had been successfully and sustainably sourcing fish in the local area for centuries. Dugong and oyster fisheries were set up and often run by the people of Minjerribah and as Cleveland became a popular holiday destination for European settlers living in Brisbane. (Ryan and Tracy, 2000) The indigenous people taught the Europeans again how to fish for dugongs, oysters, and turtles, as well as finned fish. Selling their catch through Cleveland, some Aboriginals were considered the first commercial fishermen in the area. (Ryan and Tracy, 2000)…
When Captain Cook first came to the shores of what became known as Australia, he encountered inhabitants of the land … but despite that evidence of occupation he nevertheless proclaimed it ‘terra nullius’, or ‘uninhabited land’. It is ironic, indeed absurd, that such a term could be applied to peoples whose lives were so intimately integrated into and a part of ‘place’. By comparison, the European ‘discoverers’ were transients—wanderers with far fewer ties to their own homelands.…
Skaldany, Mike, Ben Belton, and Rebecca Clausen. "Out of Sight & Out of Mind A New Oceanic Imperialism." Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy | Where Global and Local Meet Sustainability. Web. 31 Oct. 2010. <http://www.iatp.org/tradeobservatory/library.cfm?refID=48537>.…
The colonization’s of Australia and Indonesia by European settlers has shaped historic events and has compressed or vanquished customs and cultures. The colonization of Australia and Indonesia hold negative and positive aspects in history; forced labor, slavery, racial segregation and the loss of many cultures were horrific incidents within Indonesia’s and Australia’s history. However without these occurrences we might not have had the improvement of modern- day technology, arts, literature and science.…
- describe the two initial Polynesian migrations to Hawai’i and what was believed to be the main differences between them (e.g. peaceful planters vs. warriors)…
Trask, Haunani-Kay, From a Native Daughter: Colonialism and Sovereignty in Hawai‘i, revised edition (Honolulu: UH Press, 1999)…
The book, Honor and the American Dream: Culture and Identity in a Chicano Community, and the film, Salt of the Earth, both relay to their audience, the pursuit of happiness within the Chicano community in which they live. These works aim to show how Mexican-American immigrants fight to keep both their honor and value systems alive in the United States of America, a country which is foreign to their traditions. The Mexican-Americans encountered in these works fight for their culture of honor in order to define themselves in their new homeland, a homeland which honors the American dream of successful capitalism.…
This book helps bring about a better clear and understanding to topics that not many people go into deep discussion about. He helps give a wider range of information about generals and peoples stories throughout the year of 1776. His audience you could say for this book was a larger scale of scholars, college students for sure and many others who are interested in learning more about history and how things came about. The book though does start off a little slow at the beginning. Trying to bring up the subjects he would be…
The South Sea Islanders were faced with many surprising lifestyle alterations however they had a great role which was the contribution they made to Australia. During the 1800s, the South Sea Islanders came to Australia to work on the sugar and cotton plantations. They made significant economic contributions and faced many problems which resulted in a struggle to contribute to society. The long term impacts being deported because of the Immigration Restriction Act (1901) however later on a Recognition Statement (1994) was made to acknowledge the South Sea Islanders contributions.…
During the 1700s the Europeans traveled to Aotearoa, the land of the long white cloud, and met the Māori who then traded and taught them their ways. The Europeans arrived in 1769 when captain Cook arrived in New Zealand and spoke to the Māori. This essay will argue that the arrival of the Europeans had a negative effect. The Māori population almost halved because of the Europeans.…
Kjellgren, Eric. Oceania: Art of the Pacific Islands in the Metropolitan Museum of Art . New York, N.Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007.…
Given the importance of the sea in shaping their civilization, let us examine a typical day in the life of a sea-farer. In fact, the term "sea-farer" is too ambiguous as many livelihoods came from what the seas had to offer. One could be a fisherman who caught and sold fish at the markets. One could be a trader reaching out to foreign lands in search of goods to buy or sell. An unsurpassed experience of the seas also produced explorers, among which were the first known circumnavigators of Africa and the first to use the North Star for navigation. Furthermore, all of these people require services to do what they do. For example, one could be a ship builder, spending day after day at the docks trying to keep up with demand. In fact, many lives, even those spent on land, revolved around the sea and the activity that sprang from it.…