The Reactions and Properties or Butane and but-1-Ene Contrasted and Compared
Chemistry Essay
Butane, Butene and all isomers that come with them are considered to be alkanes and alkenes respectively. They differ from each other in the fact that Butane contains only single bonds, whereas Butene has both single and one double bond. Regardless of this difference in many situations the two molecules can display similar behaviours.
For the purposes of this comparison But-1-ene will be used as ‘Butene’ unless otherwise indicated. But-1-ene is almost identical to the other 3 isomers of Butene and hence makes a good molecules for comparison of the Butene group.
Butene and Butane are both found to be extremely flammable gasses at Standard temperature and pressure, they will readily react with oxygen according to the following equations:
C4H10+13O2 8CO2 + 10H2O
C4H8+6O2 4CO2 + 4H2O
Both of these reactions are very exothermic in nature. Inducing Fluorine in excess into a container of Butene will precipitate a addition reaction when the double bond between Carbons 1 and 2 is broken and attached to Carbons 1 and Two is Fluorine, creating CH2FCHFCH2CH3 or 1,2-diflurobutane
Whereas the induction of a halogen in excess into a container of Butane will result in a substitution reaction where the electronegativity of the Fluorine causes one of the hydrogens to detach from the parent molecule and attach to the sister Fluorine resulting in Hydrogen Fluoride and CH2FCH2CH2CH3 or 1-flurobutane.
The difference is in the fact that the halogen breaks the double bond- as it is easier for a double bond to be broken between two carbons than a single bond between a carbon and a hydrogen. Hence, the Fluorine replaces the double bond location on both carbons. So while we only observe a slight change in the structure of these molecules, we can observe some significant differences between them, most notably in their reactions with halogen molecules.
While Butene and butane have similar physical properties, there is some variation. For instance at
Butane, Butene and all isomers that come with them are considered to be alkanes and alkenes respectively. They differ from each other in the fact that Butane contains only single bonds, whereas Butene has both single and one double bond. Regardless of this difference in many situations the two molecules can display similar behaviours.
For the purposes of this comparison But-1-ene will be used as ‘Butene’ unless otherwise indicated. But-1-ene is almost identical to the other 3 isomers of Butene and hence makes a good molecules for comparison of the Butene group.
Butene and Butane are both found to be extremely flammable gasses at Standard temperature and pressure, they will readily react with oxygen according to the following equations:
C4H10+13O2 8CO2 + 10H2O
C4H8+6O2 4CO2 + 4H2O
Both of these reactions are very exothermic in nature. Inducing Fluorine in excess into a container of Butene will precipitate a addition reaction when the double bond between Carbons 1 and 2 is broken and attached to Carbons 1 and Two is Fluorine, creating CH2FCHFCH2CH3 or 1,2-diflurobutane
Whereas the induction of a halogen in excess into a container of Butane will result in a substitution reaction where the electronegativity of the Fluorine causes one of the hydrogens to detach from the parent molecule and attach to the sister Fluorine resulting in Hydrogen Fluoride and CH2FCH2CH2CH3 or 1-flurobutane.
The difference is in the fact that the halogen breaks the double bond- as it is easier for a double bond to be broken between two carbons than a single bond between a carbon and a hydrogen. Hence, the Fluorine replaces the double bond location on both carbons. So while we only observe a slight change in the structure of these molecules, we can observe some significant differences between them, most notably in their reactions with halogen molecules.
While Butene and butane have similar physical properties, there is some variation. For instance at