The Restoration Of The English Monarchy

The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms

Under invitation by leaders of the English Commonwealth, Charles II, the exiled king of England, lands at Dover, England, to assume the throne and end 11 years of military rule.
Prince of Wales at the time of the English Civil War, Charles fled to France after Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarians defeated King Charles I's Royalists in 1646. In 1649, Charles vainly attempted to save his father's life by presenting Parliament a signed blank sheet of paper, thereby granting whatever terms were required. However, Oliver Cromwell was determined to execute Charles I, and on January 30, 1649, the king was beheaded in London.
After his father's death, Charles was proclaimed king of England by the Scots and by supporters in parts of Ireland and England, and he traveled to Scotland to raise an army. In 1651, Charles invaded England but was defeated by Cromwell at the Battle of Worcester. Charles escaped to France and later lived in exile in Germany and then in the Spanish Netherlands. After Cromwell's death in 1658, the English republican experiment faltered. Cromwell's son Richard proved an ineffectual leader, and the public resented the strict Puritanism of England's military rulers.
In 1660, in what is known as the English Restoration, General George Monck met with Charles and arranged to restore him in exchange for a promise of amnesty and religious toleration for his former enemies. On May 25, 1660, Charles landed at Dover and four days later entered London in triumph. It was his 30th birthday, and London rejoiced at his arrival. In the first year of the Restoration, Oliver Cromwell was posthumously convicted of treason and his body disinterred from its tomb in Westminster Abbey and hanged from the gallows at Tyburn.

The restoration is a very interesting time in history. People were moving to America from all over the world, especially Europe. America was a new nation full of oppertunity. It was during this time that the colonies rebeled and soon became their own nation. At the beginning of this period England had just ended a twenty year civil war and was just at the end of a devestating plague. In 1660 Charles II was restored to the throne. Along with Charles II came literature characterized by reason, moderation, good taste, and simplicity.
In the resrotation period a lot of things were changing in Europe and especially England. With Charles II came a new era in culture. There were major cultural and political upheaval. When Charles II was back in charge on of the first things he did was to reopen theaters that were closed down some time before. Forty-seven years later England and Scotland united into Great Britain. During this time the literature was drastically changed because of the change in politics and culture. Great Britain became a much more industrialized nation. The readers were also changing. Reading was no longer just for the high society, common folk had also became literate.
Along with literature changing old styles of writing also changed. Lyrical poetry went to the backround, sonnets became old fashioned, and the popular thing came to be novels. When the restoration was starting most authors still modeled everything they did on the classics, such as, Greek and Roman. Now people were starting to gain an understanding of the work and they were becoming less superstitiouis. With science came new reasons for things. This is the time when smaller minorites of the society were becoming mroe represed and were beginning to be ignored. When the puritans fell out of power this is when the theaters re-opened, satire appeared, and journalism was formed.
Religion was also changing rapidly. God seemed to be p