Aristotle and Claudius Ptolemy
16th century science was based on their conclusions
Geocentric model: Earth is motion less other planets revolve around it
Epicycles- Plotlemy’s idea circles within circles
Crystalline spheres: heavens are made of a weightless substance allowing them to move
Medieval thinkiners used Aristotle and Ptolemy ideology into a Christian framework
Thomas Aquinas uses Unmoved Mover concept to confirm G-d’s existence
Medieval thinkers believed their hypothesis but were unsure as to why the earth was in the center, salvation can only occur on earth so g-d placed it there—one train of thought
Mathermatics and science became the answers to solving Earth’s mysteries
Niccolaus Copernicus (1473- 1543)
Heliocentric model: sun in center, circular (epicycle) orbit around
On the Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres: theory published 1543
Critics disagree stating it is un-christian and illogical
Disagreed with their theology main leaders against it: martin luther, john calvin
1`If corp. correct church and bible are wrong new direction of thinking, this is only a theory, does not have mathematical tools to prove this idea
Tycho Brahe (1546- 1601)
Danish astronomer
Does not have a telescope but has a lab and finds very precise data
1572- discovers new star
1577- discovers comet
Johannes Kepler (1571- 1630)
Assistant to TB
New Astronomy (1609)
Laws of Planetary Motion
1: elipptical orbits
2: speed of planet in larger orbit is slower - speed of planet in smaller orbit faster
3: farther from the sun slower orbit
Keplers law provide the foundations of Newton’s Laws of Gravity
Galileo Galilei (1564- 1642)
First to use the telescope: support for heliocentric theory
Bible unreliable source
Dialogue on Two Chief Systems of the World (1632) - index of prohibited books:
-earth rotates on an axis and earth revolves around the sun
Condemned by Catholic Church—house arrest
Pendelum, principles of inertia. discovers objects of different weight