The Social Impact of Industrialization
The Social Impact of Industrialization (consequences)
I. Background
II. The Impact of Unchecked Industrialization
A. New Products and Greater Access - Made life easier - Railroads made it easier to transport goods and made it available nationwide - Made it easier to do business (electricity allowed for business elsewhere) - Prices were lowered as goods became more accessible
B. Rise of Monopolies - Americans at the time found it hard to compete with big name companies - many thought opportunity was essential, felt threatened by monopolies - felt that big businesses controlled the government, had influence over them
- rate discrimination – charged different rates depending on who they were dealing with
1. Interstate Commerce Act (1887) - first attempt by congress to regulate business - created to oversee the practices of the railroad companies - banned and prohibited certain practices (pools, kickbacks) - established the interstate commerce commission - had the power to file a lawsuit and seize and assist orders - However did not give the ICC the power to control rates - could not stop kickbacks from happening (in the courts hands) - When ICC filed suits the Supreme Court would rule in favor of the railroad companies - 15/16 times supreme court ruled in favor of companies - Companies found loopholes, formed trusts instead of pools (same purpose)
2. Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) - Outlawed trusts and other combinations of businesses that restrained trade - does not define restrained trade - Supreme court still ruled in favor of companies - Instead of trusts they established holding companies (a company that owns other smaller companies)
- used in 1982 to break up AT&T and against Microsoft in 1988
C. Pollution - No prohibitions against what could be released into the atmosphere
D. Labor
1. Demand for Unskilled Labor Disappearance of Workshop - Skilled laborers
I. Background
II. The Impact of Unchecked Industrialization
A. New Products and Greater Access - Made life easier - Railroads made it easier to transport goods and made it available nationwide - Made it easier to do business (electricity allowed for business elsewhere) - Prices were lowered as goods became more accessible
B. Rise of Monopolies - Americans at the time found it hard to compete with big name companies - many thought opportunity was essential, felt threatened by monopolies - felt that big businesses controlled the government, had influence over them
- rate discrimination – charged different rates depending on who they were dealing with
1. Interstate Commerce Act (1887) - first attempt by congress to regulate business - created to oversee the practices of the railroad companies - banned and prohibited certain practices (pools, kickbacks) - established the interstate commerce commission - had the power to file a lawsuit and seize and assist orders - However did not give the ICC the power to control rates - could not stop kickbacks from happening (in the courts hands) - When ICC filed suits the Supreme Court would rule in favor of the railroad companies - 15/16 times supreme court ruled in favor of companies - Companies found loopholes, formed trusts instead of pools (same purpose)
2. Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) - Outlawed trusts and other combinations of businesses that restrained trade - does not define restrained trade - Supreme court still ruled in favor of companies - Instead of trusts they established holding companies (a company that owns other smaller companies)
- used in 1982 to break up AT&T and against Microsoft in 1988
C. Pollution - No prohibitions against what could be released into the atmosphere
D. Labor
1. Demand for Unskilled Labor Disappearance of Workshop - Skilled laborers