Preview

The Socioeconomic Attainment Patterns of Africans in the United States

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
922 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
The Socioeconomic Attainment Patterns of Africans in the United States
Assignment #1
The socioeconomic Attainment Patterns of Africans in the United States.

The main objective of the paper was to find if White African men and men from English-speaking Africa have higher net hourly earnings than that of nonwhite and non-speaking English people. Secondly, to find if South African men have higher net hourly earnings over men from a number of selected African countries. Third, to find if black African make more hourly than black African American men and women.
The major variables of the article were very interesting. “1989 Hourly Earnings” were computed by yearly earnings divided by the usual hours per week. Outliers exceeding $100 dollars per hour were top coded to $100. The race was represented as a 1 for whites, and 0 for blacks. Language groups were recorded as national/popular languages spoken. National Origins was based on self-identification of people’s nation of birth. The educational attainment was not coded for 1 as college degrees and higher. Zero was the number representing other in order to capture the potential earnings. Proficiency in English referred to the ability to speak English coded with 1 for ability to speak English well or very well, and 0 as the inability to speak English or none at all. Marital status was represented as 1 being married, and 0 as another way of being married. Age was recorded as actual age in complete years as of April 1, 1990. Work experience was factored in a different was, because the census bureau never provided actual work experience so the age was minus years of schooling minus six. Fertility was only referred to as the many children born, but only in the women’s model. Place and region of work was divided into four regions Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. The variable for this was lacking in region of residence. Year of Entry was the last variable which has been coded as a regression analysis into four categories. Furthermore, the hypotheses were stated clearly. The first

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    “Progress had been made by black Americans in the period 1900-1945.” How valid is this statement?…

    • 750 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    ^.ttiril.iia presented herein. Some of the data presented in this paper also appear in an unpub^tslitlr-d manuscript, "Assimilation in American Society: Occupational Achievement and Earnlor Ethnic Minorities in the United States, 1970 to 1990,’ by the same authors.…

    • 7587 Words
    • 57 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Kenji Yoshino argues in his essay covering: The hidden assault on our civil rights “Civil rights has always been to permit people to pursue the human flourishing without limitation based on bias Focusing on law prevents us from seeing the revolutionary breadth of that aspiration, as law has limited civil rights to particular groups.”(235). Kenji Yoshino has a great point, what still exist in our structural and economical world is inequality among different, gender, races, discrimination of race and culture and all other areas of society. This is important because to what extend are the lawmakers going to get involved. If lawmakers are going to keep ignoring their constituents than they’re not helping fight social inequality. Lawmakers are ignoring the actually needs and wants of their constituents.…

    • 1667 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Canadian Pay Gaps

    • 821 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The most disadvantaged male visible minority group is Latin American men, who kept this status even after the adjustment for variables. Some groups were shown to have even lower earning after controlling for other variables, for example, West Asian men went from -$3746 to -$9930 after adjusting for other factors (42). Both Caucasian Men and Women made more than their visible minority counterparts, before and after controlling for other variables. Although, Female Caucasian professors still made $2000 below average. Li also discovered that after controlling for other variables, native- born Canadians earned more than Canadians of immigrant status. Because productivity was not measured in this study, Li acknowledged the validity in arguing that these discrepancies could be due to Caucasian counterparts having a higher level of productivity. To weaken this argument, Li conducted another study on university professors in Canada, under the age of 32. Age was considered to be a way in determining the level of productivity, and since professors under 32 are considered to be novices, productivity shouldn’t have a large emphasis on the results. As predicted, the inequalities in pay turned out to be very similar, with Caucasian male professors earning the most. There was one anomaly present, which showed that Women in the “other visible minority” group had the highest gross income level as well as the highest net income level. In conclusion, Li suggests that the most logical explanation for the results is that the unequal pay gap between university professors in Canada is due to (i) differential treatment, in other words, discrimination and (ii)…

    • 821 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    African Americans had to face many hardships in the past and in the present. First of all, African Americans had to face the horrors of police brutality. For example, King states, "We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of unspeakable horrors of police brutality". All around the world African Americans still face the wrath of the police. They have been gunned down and killed because they have looked suspicious walking around the neighborhood. African Americans still hasn't gotten justice in the past and in the present as long as there are Caucasian cops that are doing the shooting. Second of all, African Americans had to face the hardships of not being seen as equals. For example, King states, "We hold these truths…

    • 199 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    People feel close with/ to others by their similarity, in the past and present people were judged by their class and race. Their human connection and relation was/were built on people with same race or class. They communicate and packed together with people in their level. For instance, in modern days it is hard for a guy to fit into a girl’s group because girls always talk about cosmetics, sweets, and clothing. However, the guys were not interested in those things girls care about, guys care more about sports, and video games, and therefore they cannot communicate will. Once they started topic one side is not interested in the talk will be ended soon. Even today, people were packed by similarity, compared to the past, it will be much more serious. Race and class…

    • 392 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Sociology3

    • 708 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The graph deals with the social phenomenon of wives who earn more than their husbands in the U.S. This graph show the date in years from 1988 to 2012, skipping the odd years while numbering. In 1998, the graph shows that approximately 22.7 percent of women made more than their husbands. In 2010, the graph show that approximately twenty-eight percent of wives made more than their husbands. When asked, what possible factors could be linked to wage gains made by American women in today’s American society, I can say there are a few factors. For an example, women have made tremendous gains in wages, education, and in employment. A lot of women are what some call “go getters”. They do not want to depend on a man to be the only one bringing something to the table, so they feel like they need to work just as hard. Having a good education can take you very far in life. It helps you get a better paying job as well.…

    • 708 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    To firmly grasp the underling influences that shape present-day social culture, especially in a country as diverse as America, social scientists endeavor to examine the real, un-retouched, and raw American Narrative from many different angles. What they then realize is that America is the sum of a significant amount of smaller, much more intricate, parts that can’t be easily taken apart for closer inspection without losing the elaborate levels of complexities that are tied to understanding the experiences of different ethnic groups. Thus, other methods of inspection are needed to help understand the complex political, economic, and social issues that affected the experiences of minorized groups trying to make their way into America’s history.…

    • 484 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    However, the MET’s low minimum deposit requirements complicate such stimuli as families cannot save enough minimum wages to pay for college. Under the current system, most working-class families do not make enough money to pay for college. Non-college graduate families of all races make a national average of $36,523 annually, which is merely 150% of the federal poverty line for a household of four. Given these statistics, it should not be difficult to understand that working-class families have no choice but to immediately spend the meager wages they earn by “tomorrow” to survive. Therefore, such families have little disposable income available to deposit into MET accounts. When, for instance, the non-college educated working parents of a family…

    • 188 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Government has continued to be an important aspect of the human society. This institution can exist in a local, State, or Federal level depending on the powers granted to it by the people. According to Benson, the government comprises of a small group of individuals who are mandated to discharge specific mandates as authorized by the citizenry (2). In other words, the government is representative and custodian of the powers of the people who created it. According to Amy, various “conservatives have been pushing for smaller government and have consistently called for reduced social spending, less regulation, and more tax cuts” (1). However, the fact that America is underperforming most other developed countries in areas such as income security…

    • 853 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Most of the Americans were getting opportunities to get a good job but they had some hardships they had to face. The G.I.’s were that they got food, money and the shelter they needed to fight in the war. The Japanese Americans were able to join the army to show their loyalty but one thing is that they were forced to sell their homes and businesses. The Woman were starting to work in places and get payed. They still had problems with racial hostility, wages were low, and they had to work double shifts to get enough money to provide food for themselves and their children/family. African Americans and Mexican Americans were finally getting good jobs and their wages were getting high but African Americans had a lack of housing and social services.…

    • 214 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    H. Lytle, & Michael B. Stoff 2008). President Abraham used the 13th Amendment to help…

    • 2748 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Poverty in America

    • 919 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Authors Lars Eighner and Barbara Ehrenreich discuss in their struggles of everyday issues with poverty in America. Barbara Ehrenreich, author of “Nickel-and-Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America, raises awareness of the lives of low-wage, poverty stricken people being pushed into the labor market of welfare reform by highlighting the struggles they encounter daily. Whereas Lars Eighner, author of “On Dumpster Diving”, discusses being homeless and explaining the strategies and guidelines of surviving from dumpsters while explaining the etiquette involved in the process. Both Eighner and Ehrenreich have a similar theme of human struggles for survival and utilize style elements, language and characters.…

    • 919 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Throughout time society has handled education through many different methods and had many different goals for education. Unfortunately one of the more common goals for education has been to either oppress or deculturalize others. Up until the late 1900’s whites widened the achievement gap and keeping themselves on top by either banning blacks’ education or providing an insufficient education to everyone but the whites. The whites’ methods of “education” included deculturalizing Native Americans which made them forget more about their culture and way of life than they ever ended up learning from the school systems that they were put into. African-Americans were seeking any form of education and went to great lengths to get an education. African-Americans…

    • 1358 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The research also found that completion of educational programs in Canada associated with higher raise in immigrant’s earnings in comparison to natives. Another study of Ferrer A, Green D. and Riddell C. examines the influence of literacy on immigrant earnings and the sources of lower returns to education and experience among immigrants. The study found that the native population literacy distribution prevails that for immigrants; however, both groups obtain similar returns to literacy skills (Ferrer A., 2006). Another research paper carried out by Abbott M. and Beach C. investigates the difference in immigrant earnings for males in Canada and its changes over time leading up to 1972. Using age as a birth-year index, the study has found that cross-sectional earnings differentials of male immigrants became wider since the later 1960s compared to native-born workers due to a steepening of earnings-experience profiles for native workers, a flattening of the years-since-migration earnings profile for immigrants (Abbott,…

    • 366 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays