Although Buddhism was not accepted when it was first introduced to China, it has its positive aspects and was later on respected. In these documents, the authors- whether they may be a Chinese scholar, Confucian scholar, or a Buddhist scholar- display either animosity towards Buddhism, enthusiasm and encouragement towards the teachings of Buddhism, or a neutral opinion of not only the Buddhist ways, but the Confucian as well.…
When looking back to the history of immigration, there were always huge differences because of the different areas and special periods. Sometimes it seemed like a flood; people were trying to escape quickly. Sometimes it also seemed like a trickle when most of the people did not want to leave their motherland. No matter why those immigrants came or whatever their goals were, there was only one reason. The reason was because America had something they wanted or they did not have.…
Looking back on the first civilizations of China provides a reflection of modern Chinese and East Asian societies.…
It goes without question from 1800-1900 China was experiencing a decline, which had not been seen for quite some time. Problems such as overpopulation started to take its toll on the once-known elite nation, sending them into famine, lower standard of living, extreme mistreatment of females, especially at young ages and an unfit government that allowed chaos to unfold. Conflict arose in China, but was it due to internal affairs of the Chinese people and government, wanting to maintain its superiority over the West, or were outside forces to blame for the extreme change in culture? Both of these aspects united to form seemingly the perfect storm that sent Chinese culture into a downward spiral for excess of 60 years.…
What effect did the culture revolution had on china? The culture revolution happened in the mid-1900s and lasted a full decade and had a lot of impact on the Chinese people. The main goal was to preserve communism ideology by purging against the “evil” of capitalism in the tradition Chinese society. The book Red Azalea comes from at that particular time period. Red azalea was in the center of the culture revolution. The culture revolution affected the Chinese citizens in many ways. The citizens did not enjoy the Cultural Revolution and lived in constant fear of communist party and the people lacked the freedom to express themselves.…
Buddhism was created in India in there sixth century B.C.E., and later spread to China…
The Chinese Empire experienced numerous political, economical, religious, and cultural transformations between 1400 and 1750 CE. The Qing empire, an empire built within the Chinese empire consisted of non-chinese people. Qing Empire took over Eurasia which was ruled separately from China; and the officials had no intentions to incorporate Chinese culture into the locals in Eurasia as a sign of respect for the different cultures residing there. For example, Qing rulers forbid Chinese merchants from entering Eurasia so that their Mongol soldiers would not adapt and learn the covert ways of the Chinese, making their soldiers in a sense “weaker”. The Expansion of China was seen as a necessity for defensive reasons, however Russia’s expansion eastward…
The main reasons for Chinese immigration in the second half of the nineteenth century were to get the immigrants to dig in goldfields since there was supposedly a lot of gold in California and to create transcontinental railroad. Also, in China there was a huge population increase which caused shortage of jobs and thus leaded the Chinese to go to America. The Chinese were extremely discriminated insofar as Congress created an exclusion act to prohibit new Chinese immigrants.…
1. Filial Piety (xiao) was a fundamental aspect of Confucius’s Analects. He said that a son is filial if he does not change his father’s ways for 3 years after he dies. This became a foundational value of “ren”, or humaneness. He also believed that uprightness lies in filial piety. According to Confucius, the beginning of filial piety is serving your parents, the middle is serving your ruler, and it ends with establishing yourself. According to Confucius, being filial and fraternal is the root of humaneness. Mozi used filial piety to justify “universal love”. His belief was that if one respects and provides for other’s parents, they will provide for yours in return. Your parents will then have more material benefits than if you were the only one taking care of them. In Mouzi’s Disposing of Error, the Chinese objected to Buddhism because they felt it promoted unfilial behavior. The Confucians held that the body is the gift of one's parents and that to harm it is to be disrespectful toward them. Mouzi defended this argument by saying that we do what is best at the time. He also gives an example of an early king who cut his hair short and tattooed his body, but was still praised by Confucius for being so virtuous. They also criticized the Buddhists for not marrying. They felt that this was unfilial because without marriage, they could not have children and keep their family name alive. Also, an important aspect of Chinese religion was devotion to the ancestors. Without descendents to make these offerings, the tradition cannot be fulfilled. Mouzi argued this by saying that pleasures such as wives, children, and property are the luxuries of the world, but living simply and doing nothing are the wonders of the Way. By practicing the Way, the monks are able to substitute other worldly pleasures for goodness and wisdom. The Yulanpen Sūtra tells the story of Mulian, who was far along the Buddhist path. He dreamt of his mother’s suffering, and was told by the Buddha that he…
The various innovations and advances many humans encountered, emerged in large cities and civilizations. The largest civilizations began in the Near East, India, and China. However, none of these civilizations were capable of rising to the top like how Europe and the New World were able to. For centuries, China transformed and developed the world with its many great inventions and discoveries. China has been the longest civilization to ever exist on earth because of its many inventions, but how come those inventions did not help China transform like how the West did? How come China became the world’s largest economy only now in the twenty-first…
All different kind of immigrations were coming from all different countries for hundreds of years to start a new life by having more freedom than where they were in their country. Some of them were voluntary or involuntary to come in America. They were welcomed to United States as a source of cheap labor work for building the railroads of west America, cause no one else in America was willing the hard work for a cheap money but many Chinese were willing to do the work in 1800s. Before the 1800 came around United State could hardly handle the controlled the immigration that were coming to America. However, the United State ended up passing the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 to help the new era of immigration control. A lot of the Asian Americans settled in Hawaii and California coming from Korea, Vietnam, Hmong and China. They have arrived in America as unskilled workers who didn’t know much about America or what to do but they did know that they what’d a change by going somewhere else. Chinese had two push factors that made them what move away from China. The first reason was because of the economic hardship what was going on how China was treated their workers very rural. Second one would be cause of Chinese political instability and repression in Communist China.…
"Imperialism occurs when a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region and dominates its economic, political, and cultural life.” (Thomas Caswell, 2012)I will study imperialism in China from the Europeans and imperialism in India from the British. There were both short-term and long-term impacts from imperialism, whether the lasted long or not. Imperialism, generally, was beneficial to a greater extent to the colonizer than to the colonized, however, despite the fact, the colonizer gave the colonized numerous negative impacts, imperialism was certainly beneficial for the colonized as well. Imperialism was surely very destructive to the colonized, but it was definitely beneficial and constructive as well, even if it left a limited impact.…
Chapter 35 from Chinese Civilization presents the intense debate between Wang Anshi and Sima Guang in terms of a series of reforming policies conducted by Wang. Essentially, the debate is denominational: Sima, an advocator of Confucius, represents the conservatives, and Wang represents innovationists. Wang and Sima were in fact good friends and both were erudite central government officials, yet they held very different political stand. Sima highly emphasizes the conservative Confucius philosophy, and Wang is a progressive and strive to reform economic policies. The article begins with Sima’s narrative record, presenting their argument specifically on whether government officials should accept gifts during sacrifice and elevated to the argument on whether central fiscal administration is effective. The article then includes a letter Sima sent to Wang and Wang’s reply. They both provide very convincing argument with historical reference. However, they are drastically different in their style and approach. Personally, I think that the nature of the Wang’s reform is the right thing. Nevertheless, his stubborn and…
Hong Kong is currently under the rule of the PRC as a special administrative region, with the practice of ‘One country, two system’. Hong Kong exercises capitalism under the rule of the British government and thus continues its practice after the handover. Hong Kong is closely located to mainland, showing her essential role in the economic coordination. The number of cross-boundaries cooperation has been increasing steady, and today, Hong Kong and mainland develops an inseparable relationship in terms of political, economical and social aspect.…
Hong Kong's de facto official language is Cantonese, a Chinese language originating from Guangdong province to the north of Hong Kong. English is also an official language, and according to a 1996 by-census is spoken by 3.1 percent of the population as an everyday language and by 34.9 percent of the population as a second language. Signs displaying both Chinese and English are common throughout the territory. Since the 1997 handover, an increase in immigrants from mainland China and greater integration with the…