When the “Christians” arrived to the Indies the Indians viewed them as people from Heaven and soon found out that they were anything but that.…
There were, it is true some mulattoes who inherited freedom, a light skin, and property all in the same package. Most, if not all, of the wealthy Negroes in the ante-bellum South-and there were a considerable amount of them-were in this category. These, concentrated largely in New Orleans and Charleston, held themselves quite aloof from the Black Negro. They had their own social organizations, married among themselves, and often sent their children to France or elsewhere abroad to be educated. Besides their own property, most of which came originally from bequests of wealthy white farmers, many of them owned considerable numbers of Negro slaves. They called themselves not Negroes or mulattoes, but persons of color-in Louisiana, gens de couleur. To proud to enter the society of Negroes, unable to enter the society of whites, they lived in a social limbo, a class apart- Wilson, T (1965 p 22)…
Chapter one shows how different cultures took advantage of not only African Americans, but Native Americans as well. Native Americans were invaded by Spanish settlers, taken into slavery and forced to live with harsh living conditions. Settlers exposed them to a vast number of diseases, and tricked other Native Americans into agreements, in which they were starved, made to live in the cold, and which ultimately led to the death of many of them. Native Americans were resistant to being overtaken and fought back to protect their people and their land. Spanish conquerors like Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon sent out to find laborers. He landed off the coast of South Carolina in hopes of finding a location to start a colony. During his search, he found that Europeans practiced Christianity and did not believe in exploiting their people. A groups resisted, they looked to other…
* Rational why slavery is a good institution – slaves were treated better than labor workers because they were taking care of their property while northerners didn’t care about factory workers…
At the beginning of the 1500s, Indians suffered the deadly epidemics which took from Europeans, however, they believe that is god’s willing to punish them. After that, European countries were trying to brake Indian people. The Native population of North America fell by more than 70 percent between fifteenth-century and nineteenth-century.…
CHAPTER II 1. According to Zinn, what is the root of racism in America? 2. Why were Africans considered “better” slaves than Indians in Virginia? 3. How did 16th century Africa compare to 16th century Europe politically, economically, and militarily? 4. How did slavery in Africa differ from slavery in Europe and the Americas? 5. Describe the conditions that slaves on ships coming to America (“Middle Passage”). 6. In terms of mortality, what was the cost of slavery? 7. What was the relationship between slavery and the plantation system? 8. What evidence exists that America’s slaves did not accept their fate easily? 9. Why did slave owners fear poor whites?…
Gary Nash discusses the impact of black people in a white peoples colony. The first negro people to come to America in Virginia were probably indentured servants who would receive some type of reward after their time of service was over, until 1660. After 1660 though many of the “Negros” that came to America were slaves, purchased as property. By the 1800’s every colony in America had “slave codes” which stripped black people of every right they had and made them property. His biggest claim was his stating of, “More than anything else it was sugar that transformed the African slave trade.” The slave trade became an extremely profitable enterprise for European nations once the sugar plantations reached the New World. Many of the New World colonies sought to buy slaves to work on the sugar plantations. It wasn't until the last third of the seventeenth century were the English involved with the slave trade and since it was their royal colonies that were buying most of the slaves they saw a new opportunity to get more money from their colonies. Once the English started to get involved it caused most European nations to war over who dominated the slave trade since it was such a profitable enterprise. pg 38-39.…
“In such times, Black slaves in America were often treated better than White employees, as the slaves could be quite expensive to buy, and therefore were looked after as an economic asset. The Economist has estimated that in 1753 an African slave from the Gold Coast would cost £16 (about UK£1,000 or US$1,650 in today's money), and in the West Indies would fetch up to £35.” Frederic Olmsted also witnessed black slaves being treated better than white slaves. In this recount he tells of an overseer saying, "the niggers are worth too much to be risked here; if the Paddies are knocked overboard or get their backs broke, nobody loses anything."…
After the Civil War, African Americans were free but with no place to live in or to work at, they settled with their former ‘masters’. African Americans were technically free, but no one wanted to hire a colored man, so they were put on crop lien work contracts. These contracts allowed African Americans to work and gain a ‘share’ of the harvest. Sounds like a deal right? Wrong. At the end of the harvest a black man would receive his share but the white plantation owner would deduct money for all the tools the black man used, or for the food the black man ate, or for the tenant the black man sheltered himself in. At the end of the deductions, the black man would be in debt of the white man and would be forced to work another harvest since Black Codes prevented freedmen from owing money. This new labor system was just another way for the South to enslave African Americans once again, an economic effect of Reconstruction that wasn’t resolved until at least a hundred years later.…
When the Euro-Americans started to settle America they forced the Native Americans to adapt their culture and religion. The settlers were very serious about their Christian religion. They thought it was the one true faith and all people should believe in it. Euro-Americans actually feared the Native Americans because they felt that Native Americans were evil because they didn’t have a religion. What the Euro-Americans didn’t understand was that the Native Americans did have a religion and their own beliefs. Their religion and beliefs may have been very different from Christianity, but they did have one.…
The first Africans were brought to the Americas by ships docked at port in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These Africans were not invited with open arms to live as free settlers, but as involuntary servitudes, subordinate captives -- slaves. They worked strenuously for their White owners, who considered themselves superior to Africans, without much benefit. Racism is not just the belief that one race is superior to others, but the act of…
Throughout the book, The Origins of Slavery, the author, Betty Woods, depicts how religion and race along with social, economic, and political factors were the key factors in determining the exact timing that the colonist’s labor bases of indentured Europeans would change to involuntary West African servitude. These religion and racial differences along with the economic demand for more labor played the key roles in the formation of slavery in the English colonies. When the Europeans first arrived to the Americas in the late sixteenth century, at the colony of Roanoke, the thought of chattel slavery had neither a clear law nor economic practice with the English. However by the end of that following century, the demand for slaves in the English colonies including the Chesapeake, Barbados, Pennsylvania and the Carolinas was so great and the majority of labor was carried out by West African slaves. The argument of whether Native Americans could also be used as a form of labor for the plantation societies of the English colonies is one that was long disputed between the English. Both Native Americans and West Africans were used as social mirrors. This meant that the English set both groups of people against themselves to emphasize what they conceived of as being completely different qualities of religious, social, and political organization, sexual behavior, and skin color. As Betty Woods explores the meaning of freedom and bondage in this small, yet impactful, five chapter book, she further determines the explanations English colonist used in answering the quest for cheap plantation labor.…
A lack of education led the blacks to poverty and they struggled every day just to survive. They were limited in the paths they could take, forcing many to hustle on the streets or worse. It was not that they chose this, but due to society’s lack of choices for them.…
After arriving in the Americas early european explorers claimed the land as their own despite it already being inhibited by the Indians. The Europeans initially ignored the native populations customs despite there being evidence that the culture had evolved over hundreds of years. Explorers did not consider the Indians worthy of their respect or of humane treatment equal to that displayed towards other Christians.…
and unworthy of free will and rights. Christopher Columbus is a fine example, and one of…