Bowring, F. (2004). Therapeutic and reproductive cloning: a critique. Social Science & Medicine, 58(2), 401. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00206-5…
Most people would go the religious way and say that if you can’t have children, then you shouldn’t because God has a different path for you. They could even argue about the cost of IVF. In the time and money you put into the treatment you could’ve gone and adopted a child. IVF is incredibly expense and to pay for it isn’t possible for most Americans. Some insurance companies won’t cover the procedure because of the amount of loopholes in laws that let them off and hurt the public. Many parents that go through this with their children could end up with birth defects. Many scientific studies show that there are more birth defects in children who are born from IVF than normal babies. The birth defects range anywhere from cardiac defects, to cleft lip, to gastrointestinal defects, to cancer of the eye. Even though IVF can help people have children there are many risks. The mother could have the baby prematurely or a low birth weight. The mother could also end up with ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome. This is when the ovaries become swollen and painful; it could lead to rapid weight gain and shortness of breath. It could also lead to a miscarriage, many birth defects, ovarian cancer, and more (Mayo Clinic Staff).…
One of the major drawbacks of the procedure is the risk of multiple pregnancies. This stems from the transfer of more than one embryo. Although the chances of pregnancy increase, so do the risk of multiple pregnancies that often lead to unhealthy infants (Van Voorhis 382). Another risk is a child with birth defects. According to several studies, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal birth defects occur more frequently among the infants conceived through IVF than among the naturally conceived ones (Van Voorhis 383). There are also several potential health hazards for a female. They include infections, allergic reactions, complications during birth, and others. Finally, there have been some claims that IVF infants are more vulnerable to genetic and developmental illnesses (Mahmoud, Punukollu, and Mahmood). However, those statements are not backed by scientific researches. Apart from medical aspects, the usage of IVF has been a topic of major disputes. The public acceptance has considerably increased since 1980s. Nonetheless, the term “test-tube baby” associated with IVF conceived infants has not lost its negative connotation yet (Brian). Consequently, a couple should carefully weigh the benefits and risks before turning to this…
Couples who are battling with infertility can benefit from human cloning. By having a cloned cell implanted into a mother’s uterus, she can possibly have a child that she could not have had through natural procreation. Human cloning can give infertile couples a biological child who received genes from one or both parents. Those who are advocates for reproductive cloning generally give three reasons: The goodness of human freedom, existence, and well-being. People believe that human cloning for reproduction purposes is not making themselves free, but that they are free to practice human cloning. They want to the ability to decide based on their own moral values what is right and wrong with having a cloned child. The goodness of existence has people advocating for the potential cloned child. People argue that once the cloned child is born it would “prefer existence as a clone to no existence at all (PCBE).” No one can verify that the child would believe that statement once they are old enough to think for themselves. The final argument for human cloning is for the goodness of well-being. This argument is for using human cloning to help infertile couples to have a biological child. Other people argue that the well-being is to benefit the genetic quality of the next generation by ensuring that all diseases and disorders that the child may inherit are removed…
The embryonic cloning debate touches down ethical issues that are each debatable. One is the debate whether it is healthy and or ethical to obtain eggs from a woman for stem cells. It calls for hormone treatment and surgery. With all surgeries, there is always a risk, but with this one it’s an ethical debate if it is right or not. Another reason why is that people are afraid that we will fall down a slippery slope into human cloning or human organ harvesting.…
Therapeutic cloning is the transfer of nuclear material isolated from a somatic cell into an enucleated oocyte in the goal of deriving embryonic cell lines with the same genome as the nuclear donor. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) products have histological compatibility with the nuclear donor, which circumvents, in clinical applications, the use of immunosuppressive drugs with heavy side-effects. Therapeutic cloning is also often tied to ethical considerations concerning the source, destruction and moral status of IVF embryos based on the argument of potential. Legislative and funding issues are also addressed. Future considerations would include a distinction between therapeutic…
Over the years, science and technology have expanded to make it possible to create identical creatures. While new cloning technology is a great advancement, it raises a plethora of moral and ethical questions. Cloning may bring about new ways to find cures for babies, according to Philip M. Boffey, but cloning also “could usher in a new eugenics”. The problems produced from the prospect of cloning greatly outweigh the benefits.…
For many years, scientists have been experimenting in the field of cloning. Cloning uses an egg cell and a somatic cell to make a duplicate copy of the organism. It is currently a highly controversial topic in the scientific world. Many people can benefit from cloning. From farmers to patients, not only does cloning help scientists discover more about genetics, it will also help a lot of people. However, there are also ethical issues with cloning, such as the use of embryonic stem cells and cross-species hybrids. For instance, at the Salk institute, a human-pig embryo was recently made and destroyed. The purpose of the experiment was to see if human organs could be grown inside a pig. The authors believe that we are still far off from accomplishing cloning of human organs in animals. I believe that cloning will help this world, but there needs to be restrictions on human cloning and cross-breeding.…
Answer: Cloning is one of the most modern and important technique in the field of biotechnology and modern sciences. Since its inception, many organisms have been successfully cloned such as sea urchins, the famous sheep Dolly (1996), mice and cows. Basically, through this technique, the genetically identical copies of the desired organism are produced. Some organisms can produce naturally through cloning. It is a type of asexual reproduction in which there is no union of gametes involved. It mainly involves nuclear transfer. Experimentally, in this technique, the nucleus from the fertilized egg is removed and…
Why should reproductive cloning be wasting taxpayers money, if there is no point for it? Therapeutic cloning can help many with health, growing hair and save lives. Many diseases can be cured with the use of therapeutic cloning and that's why I support it. There should be no point of cloning another human if it is not medical related. It would be costly and there is no real reason for it. Reproductive cloning is creating an animal or human that is genetically identical to a donor animal/human through somatic cell nuclear transfer. I would not support reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning is used for medical purposes and reproductive is human or animal cloning. Therapeutic cloning can cure cancer and save your life or someone close to you…
For these reasons, I am against human cloning. We can't let people make clones for their satisfaction and for commercial purposes. A lot of people worry that cloned people would not have full rights, since they are just copies. I find this reasoning absolutely ridiculous, since a person is a person despite their genetic source or of artificially…
Human embryonic cloning has become one of the most debated subjects in terms of moral and medical issues since its development. Recently, South Korea has made advances on human embryonic cloning. Human embryonic cloning has many benefits on improving medical knowledge. Research of Advanced Cell Technology can give cures for some of humanity's most debilitating diseases. Many scientists were able to successfully clone cells among mammals like mice, cattle, pigs and rabbits. In 1983, Elizabeth J. Robertson demonstrated that stem cells obtained from a mouse could be made to produce a variety of tissues. The research used techniques which are not new. These techniques have already been employed in other animal studies. Only their employment in human embryos has yet to be attempted.…
The Catechism of the Catholic Church asserts “Techniques that entail the dissociation of husband and wife by the intrusion of a person other than the couple (donation of sperm or ovum, surrogate uterus) are gravely immoral.…
Reproductive human cloning should be legal as it makes an infertile couple able to have an offspring with the genetic pattern of either the mother or father. It is the desire of most couples to have children and when it is impossible to bare children of your own, some are willing to do anything to have a child even in the most crucial way--cloning. The idea of cloning will allow them to have a child or many children that have the genetic pattern of one of the parents. They can have their own babies by putting cloned embryo into the mother. According to Bonsor and Conger (n.d.), It is made possible through a process called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT), the cloning of embryo starts with taking out the egg from a female donor, the doctor will remove its nucleus to form enucleated egg. Then a cell…
Cloning humans and animals is morally wrong. The American Anti-Vivisection Society has studied cloning and has concluded that “Many feel that cloning is “not natural,” or is “playing God”” (Fast 1). In the movie The 6th Day, the man who was cloned stated that cloning was “against…