The conditioning did last but was less intense because it was not reinforced (extinction). Albert's reactions to the animals and objects weren't as strong as they were in the beginning of the experiment. Without the banging bar,…
During her studies at NYS Institute of Applied Arts and Sciences she maintained a job at an advertising agency; however she only kept this job for six months, as she experienced sexual harassment almost daily due to being the only woman employed there. After this she became a freelance illustrator for greeting cards and children’s books. She…
Who is Vivian Maier? Why was she so secretive in life even and in death her mystery has deepened more? What drove Maier too keep her photography a secret? Why did she take them? Why wouldn’t want to share them with the world?…
Cindy Sherman was born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey in 1954. Sherman attended Buffalo State University where she began painting. She painted until she felt as though she had nothing more to say with paintings and decided to shift into photography. In her photography she often assumed multiple roles such as doing her own makeup and hair, directing, as well as modeling for the photos. One of her most famous early works from 1981 was the photo series, Centerfolds which depicted and criticized the stereotyping of women in the media. Later in her career Sherman began to use mannequins instead of herself. A famous example of this is her series, Sex Pictures. Sherman’s pictures have become more valuable over the last fifteen years. From 2000 to 2006 her annual auction revenue ranged anywhere from 1.5 to 2.8 million dollars. In 2007 however her annual auction revenue increased to 8.9 million dollars.…
| CF Agencies: Artist: * Studied at the College of Fine Arts * Lives and works in Sydney * She has a strong foundation of drawing * Influenced by artists such as Kiki Smith, Louise Boirgeois, John Currin and Shirin Neshat as well as the drawings of Henry Darger. * Born in 1972…
Early on in life Ms. O’Keeffe’s mother made her and her sisters attend art classes. Because her parents thought she did so well, they suggested that she attend art school to further her studies. In 1905 she enrolled at the school of the Art Institute of Chicago. She later attended the Art Students League in New York under William Merritt Chase. For her oil painting mona shehab (Dead Rabbit with Copper Pot) she won the League’s William Merritt Chase still life prize. Ms. O’Keeffe felt her work was “unoriginal” so she quit school and destroyed all the work she had completed as a student. She then worked as a freelance commercial artist for a few years, and then decided to become a teacher leaving her spare time to paint. She took off a year from teaching to attend Columbia University in New York and studied under Arthur Dow where she began to feel her personal style develop.…
Cindy Sherman was born "Cynthia Morris" on January 19, 1954, in Glen Ridge, New Jersey. She did not live there long, for her family of seven moved to Huntington, Long Island, where she grew up. Sherman dabbled in painting when she first attended Buffalo State College, but soon developed a passion for photography, and never looked back. She established a photography career based on what she secretly enjoyed doing most, playing dress up. This enabled her to develop a unique technique all her own, where here photographs accredited her with taking on every aspect in developing the perfect shot. Choosing to ascertain herself as not only the photographer but also the stylist, model, and creator.…
2 Pollock, Griselda. Vision and Difference: Femininity, Feminism and the Histories of Art. (London:Routledge, 1988), 172.…
Society by default places people into categories. The most prominent example of this is the gender binary, where each person is labeled and judged based on where they fall within that binary. Male versus female, one side is already at a disadvantage. Described in the films The Codes of Gender: Identity and Performance in Pop Culture and Miss Representation, women face many obstacles in today’s society, such as objectification and scrutinization. Media illustrates and reinforces these issues by portraying women as subordinate sexual objects for a man’s pleasure. Codes of gender breaks down the methods in which photography portrays the subordinate female. In Miss Representation, we see the analysis of the hypersexualized objectified female.…
They were both born around the same time Laurie Anderson being the oldest of the two at the age of 65 and Cindy Sherman being 58. Both Anderson and Sherman went to college knowing that they were interested in the art field. Laurie Anderson graduated Barnard College as one of the top students with a degree in Art History, Cindy Sherman however went into college thinking she was going to be a painter, but she then realized painting had a lacked of expression that photography had so then she focused all of her time and effort into photography from then on out. Cindy Sherman would photograph herself all dressed up also known as “dolling up” by her friends. Cindy Sherman would dress as any character she wanted, then she would go out to parties still in character, “I’d be in my studio making up a character and then go out in character to join the party I’d put in all this energy into the makeup and id think why waste it.”1 With these photographs Cindy Sherman has created “some of the most expensive photographs ever sold”2 Laurie Anderson is also as successful because she is not just known for her performance art, she is known for her music as well, such as her most popular song called O Superman, which reached number two on the billboard top 100 in the United…
More often than not, it shows a solitary figure, an attractive man in his 20s, enacting a scene from an old-master painting. Dressed in contemporary garb — a hooded sweatshirt, perhaps, or a Denver Broncos jersey — the man might be crossing the Swiss Alps on horseback with the brio of Napoleon or glancing upward, prophet-style, golden light encircling his head.In layman’s terms, his art is a skilled remix. He rearranges racial power dynamics, conceptions of beauty, gender, and “the gaze.” It makes us think about pop iconography and the history of portraiture” Deborah, S (2015, January 28) Kehinde Wiley Puts a Classical Spin on His Contemporary Subjects The New York…
Post-modern art sorts to re-define the world through its creativity and use of new-aged technology. Opposed to the past creations of the use of paint and canvas many new artists re-define the meaning of “art”. Post-modern art seeks to communicate, to the world’s audience, a message that may be physically observed through the artwork or mentally through the hidden meaning behind why the artist is creating this art piece. This is successfully shown through the works of ‘Feminist’ artist, Jenny Holzer, and ‘Performance’ artist, Stelarc. Both artists effectively re-define the world and post-modern artworks.…
(Schjeldahl 7). Cindy Sherman attended the state University College at Buffalo, New York, where she first started to create art in the using painting as a medium. During her college years, she painted self-portraits and realistic copies of images that she saw in photographs and magazines. Over time, she became less and less interested in painting and became increasingly focuses in conceptual, minimal, performance, body art, and film alternatives (Sherman 5)…
Barbra Kruger is a revolutionary feminist artist that has been shaking modern society for decades. Kruger was born in 1945 in Newark, New Jersey. Currently, she is teaching at the University of California at Los Angeles and resides in the United States in Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles is not the only place she resides, she is known to travel between New York City and Los Angels often (Art 21). Barbra Kruger’s education came about unconventionally by gaining much of her skills through natural talent. She did not take a traditional path and never thought she would become an artist; she considered being a fashion editor early on, but never an artist recognized for her work (Blazwick). According to Art History, Kruger took a year of classes at the Syracuse University in 1964, where she evolved an interest in graphic design and art. The following year, she enrolled in the Parson School of Design. There she studied with many well-known photographers who introduced her to…
In her essay “In, Around, and Afterthoughts”, Martha Rosler points out that, “Documentary, as we know it, carries (old information) about a group of powerless people to another group addressed as socially powerful (263). This statement is important to helping understand how documentary photos can make history. They are only able to do this when the images they express have enough power to call the audience to action to make a change. For example, in Rosemarie Garland Thomson’s “Seeing the Disabled”, she describes the Breast Cancer Fund documenting women daringly showing off their mastectomy scars in a set of advertisements called “Obsessed with Breasts” that imitated sexualized images of women in advertisements and publications such as Victoria’s Secret catalogs and Cosmopolitan magazine. In turn, the advertisements created controversy and opened a dialogue about breast cancer and the reality of women’s breasts compared to the way they were normally portrayed in the media (Thomson 365-367). This is a time where a documentary image created history, because it changed the rhetoric surrounding mastectomies and breast cancer. This is just a small example of the history documentary photography can…