Preview

The themes in Joseph Conrad's "Heart of Darkness": Good vs. Evil, Civilization vs. Savagery, Imperialism, Darkness, and others.

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1331 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
The themes in Joseph Conrad's "Heart of Darkness": Good vs. Evil, Civilization vs. Savagery, Imperialism, Darkness, and others.
When Marlow talks of London being a dark place, the theme of civilization versus savagery comes into play. Marlow's aunt believes he is an emissary of light, being sent into the darkness. Marlow sees this darkness through the placing of heads on poles, for a man named Kurtz. All of this makes Marlow change his inner feelings of himself, which relates to the theme of the journey of the inner self. Marlow talks of when the Romans first came to Britain, and how they had actually brought some light into the somberness of London, and how one day that light may disappear. This relates to the theme of dark and light. As Marlow tells of his voyage deeper into the unknown, his capacity for self-control is tested. Kurtz seems to inhabit his every thought. While this is happening, the theme of a journey into the inner self is seen again. There are certain patterns in "Heart of Darkness"; one of these is the theme of "threes". There are three chapters, three women, three times Marlow breaks the story, three stations, three central characters and three views of Africa. Marlow indirectly suggests by referring to the Roman conquest, that the theme of colonialism has existed since the earliest times of human history. Colonialism is seen as one of the major themes in the book.

When Marlow talks of London once being a dark place, the theme of civilization versus savagery comes into play. The book implies that civilizations are created by the setting of laws and codes that encourage men to achieve higher standards. London itself is seen as a symbol of enlightenment. We see this through Marlow and how he tells his crew that the Romans had brought a light into the darkness of Britain. Marlow and Kurtz are two antithetical examples of humanity. Kurtz represents what every man will become if left to his own desires, without a

Inthisane-2

protective, civilized society. Marlow represents the civilized soul that has not been drawn back into savagery by his "heart of darkness". The book

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    There is a lacking sense of morality in the second section of the novel. The manager and his uncle plot how to hang Kurtz and/is his Russian assistant. As they further progress into the congo “The heart of darkness” Marlow notices that the crew begins to change behaviors. They go from the civilized state of mind gradually into a more barbaric one. This leads to the idea that as the English some into the country and try to change them to be more sophisticated they are instead reverted back to natural tendencies themselves.…

    • 448 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The setting of the book--on a small sailing craft on a river as night falls--and Marlow's comparison, by implication, of the dark heart of Africa (the Belgian Congo) and the barbarian darkness on the northern fringes of the Roman Empire, both are examples of irony and foreshadowing.…

    • 615 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    2) “I saw in their possession was a few lumps of some stuff like half-cooked dough, of a dirty lavender color, they kept wrapped in leaves, and now and then swallowed a piece of, but so small that it seemed done more for the looks of the thing than for any serious purpose of sustenance. They were not enemies, they were not criminals, they were nothing earthly now nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation, lying confusedly in the greenish gloom.”…

    • 365 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Final Financial Analysis

    • 1870 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Financial Analysis is very important to the inner workings of a business. Keep track of financial statements, taxes, audits, and various other areas of financials will show how well a company has done, is doing, and how well it will do in the future. Seeing how well a company is doing into the future is important so they can see any mistakes and try to fix them before they become an issue and hinder the growth of the company. In this essay I will compare financial statements in two companies, PepsiCo. and Coca Cola Company. I will describe what vertical and horizontal analysis is then I will go over the vertical analysis of both companies, comparing one to the other. I will go over the horizontal analysis of both companies, comparing them as well. I will describe ratio analysis and I will show the ratio analysis of both companies, including the testing of a liquidity ration, a solvency ratio, and a profitability ratio. I will explain in my own opinion which company is more financial stable and why, using comparisons of the data from the data stated. I will finally include three recommendations to improve each company’s financial health for the future.…

    • 1870 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The iniquity of the hearts of men precipitates the moral and social depravity of the entire population. In Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, Marlow finds that barbarism and savagery are universal among nations, and that the common man is able to be influenced by the slightest of impulses. The distinctive evil that roams Europe soon pervades newly discovered Africa and allows the darkness to fill the land. The European colonizers brought not only civilization and enlightenment to the land of the Congo, but also savagery and utter corruption. Throughout his journey, Marlow learns of the darkness of human kind, their hearts, and their minds through…

    • 765 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Darkness, in Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, functions as a dynamic extension of Marlow’s altering values. Prevailing at its attempts in conveying the various phases of Marlow’s changing mindset, darkness provides a breeding ground for contention—mainly, the questioning of its inherent meaning as the plot and text unfold to form a myriad of clashing ideologies. Despite what many consider to represent solely the depths of human indecency, darkness pushes the bounds of that conclusion and takes on the many forms of greed, despondency, primitivism, and eternal damnation as Marlow’s feelings begin to conflict with standard European ideology. Marlow, perhaps the most complex character, finds himself in the middle of this debate with the eventual…

    • 994 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    major works data sheet

    • 885 Words
    • 4 Pages

    parallel to and yet contrast to Marlow, helps to elevate Kurtz to new level of isolation form society (not geographically but morally, etc.)…

    • 885 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    It is stated in a the book that, as for Marlow, "the meaning of an episode was not inside like a kernel but outside, enveloping the tale which brought it out only as a glow brings out a haze" (Chapter I). the story is called "inconclusive." Generally, the meaning can't be cut down to a few sentences. This is not stated, it is rather suggested. This sometimes makes it difficult to pinpoint exactly what about a passage that makes you feel a certain way, and it is rather difficult to explain the actual meaning of symbols- especially in this case: the darkness. But this is what makes the book so interesting, it leaves you wondering and asking so many questions…

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the beginning of the novel, Heart of Darkness, the story takes place outside of London, England, on thee Thames River. This is pictured to be a peaceful and civilized place. ‘The sky, without a speck, was a benign immensity of unstained light" (Conrad p16), further introduces the civilized Thames to be bright, pure, and good. As Marlow's journey continues, he later discovers the darkness, or evil, that is represented by the mysterious and unknown dangers of the jungle environment. While Marlow is in the beginning of his journey throughout the Belgian Congo, his route, the river, is observed as "Flames glided in the river…pursuing, overtaking" (Conrad p20). The river is displayed as a river of fire, similar to the rivers of fire in the depths of hell. Man views hell as being synonymous with evil, as does Conrad. He uses this as a device to foreshadow the upcoming events in which the Marlow is about to endure. As the story moves deeper into the jungle, the obscurity and unknown of the jungle begin to set in. "The long stretches of the waterway ran on, deserted, into the gloom of over-shadowed distances." The darkness of the over-shadowed distances foreshadows the upcoming events in the novel. While the characters proceed up the river the certainty of their future becomes bleaker. Furthermore, as Kurtz is taking his last breaths and on the…

    • 1050 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Heart of Darkness

    • 1950 Words
    • 8 Pages

    As the ship sits at anchor on the Thames, Marlow is reminded of the past. The Thames is a "waterway . . . to the utmost ends of the earth"; the river represents the "spirit of the past." Why has the Thames been 'one of the dark places"? What is the significance of the reference to the invasions of the Romans?…

    • 1950 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    At the time, Freud and Nietzsche were both looking at the human condition and the inner psyche, and this novel seems to be a continuation of those ideas as Marlow delves into his inner consciousness in search of truth. The symbol of Marlow as a Buddha at the beginning conveys the idea that he is contemplative and soul-searching. Furthermore the progression of his character into a dream-like world throughout the novel perpetrates this idea of Marlow coming face to face with the human condition. For example, as Marlow nears Kurtz’s station fog comes down giving everything an “eerie, dream-like appearance.” This is further demonstrated in the idea that Marlow is entering a nightmare with “tumultuous and mournful shrieking” with the rest of the world “swept off without leaving a whisper or a shadow behind.” The creation of this dream-like setting by Conrad creates the idea that Marlow is travelling through his consciousness, as if this is his own nightmare. Marlow is searching for a distinct truth of the human condition and this is symbolised by Kurtz. Kurtz, a European renaissance man of culture and nobility who came to this dark place comes to embody mankind itself. His fall from refinement to savagery highlights this fall to the true human condition where repressed desires and lusts are set loose. He dances with the savages and plants heads on poles for no other reason than that he desires to and appears to have “kicked himself loose from the world”. Though Marlow glimpses this truth of the human psyche he, as Kelly Jacobs says, “stares over the edge but does not fall as Kurtz does.” That said, Marlow does not find the truth he is searching for and in the end his journey into the psyche is inconclusive. When he meets Kurtz’s intended he lies to her about Kurtz’s final moral judgement, “the horror” highlighting the fact that the truth may be…

    • 1082 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Heart Of Darkness Themes

    • 743 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Themes: the hypocrisy of imperialism: Marlow's adventures show us the horrors and the realities of colonization and Civilization. Kurtz does not hide the harshness of the reality Of the cruelty that the natives are facing. He uses harsh words such as"extermination". His direct honesty leads to his downfall because it exposes the realities that the outside world is not aware of or the colonizatIon of Africa. It also shows the negative portrayal of African americans because Willard portrays his helsman as a piece of machinery.…

    • 743 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Heart of Darkness

    • 517 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Heart of Darkness is a novel of indescribable horrors and actions that lie outside the human mind. It describes a mans (Marlow) voyage on a west African river to find an a man named Kurtz. The actual journey truly is towards the "heart of darkness", where it takes Marlow by evidence of European indignity towards the natives. He wants to see this land for himself, he does not quite believe in himself of what is really there. This story hints at horrors that Marlow is incapable of describing, which leaves the reader to imagine actions that are outside of normal everyday life. The voyage that Marlow has taken has been long and exhausting. It's an adventure for him. He has experienced a great deal of confrontation with the natives, jungle dangers and savagery. There is no interest of the humans who live here and they are extremely mistreated. To them this is normal human behavior. Nothing has been done differently. Nowhere did we stop long enough to get a particular impression, but there was general sense of wonder. "It was like a weary pilgrimage amongst hints for nightmares". This describes Marlow's voyage to the "heart of darkness", the literal heart of darkness: Africa. He was fully warned and well-aware of the evil he would encounter, however he chose to ignore that in effort to satisfy his curiosity. The author is also saying something about human nature. Human curiosity about an unknown place can make him cross the line of civilized human behavior and enter a world of nightmares. Marlow wanted to see it for himself, but what made it most fascinating was this land was something he had never experienced before. He knew he would be a "weary pilgrimage amongst hints for nightmares" but he wanted to prove something to himself that could remain doubtable if not seen. There is a persistence of the human instinct that pushes people to try to find the unknown and calm their deepest desires and questions. To actually see and experience the unknown are the only true ways…

    • 517 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Hello everyone my name is Tulsi Amin and I attend South University at the West Palm Beach Campus in Florida. I have been to many different places in my life and in fact I have stayed in three different continents as of now. I was born in India moved to Kenya when I was two and final destination is America since the age of 10. Africa is where I consider my childhood where I learned to play with butterflies saw talking parrots and was visited by wild monkeys frequently in my courtyard.…

    • 779 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The corrupting influence of power is firstly noticed by Marlow, when he sees the way the pilgrims act with the natives. The brutalities he encounters are not quite the image he imagines. He soon gets used to seeing these unpleasant situations. Marlow is able to see through the materialistic ideals that had plagued the men before him. Marlow has the open-mindedness and sensitivity that was absent during Imperialism, but doesn't have the courage or power to stop the abuses that were ongoing. Marlow realizes that the European’s perception of civilization is actually artificial. It is a mask created because of the fear that their evil deeds might become public and that this “civilization” is actually imperialism. In the beginning Marlow is determined to find justice, but his desire to do good grows increasingly futile when he sees a world where there’s no such thing as absolute goodness. Later in the novel it is obvious that He can no longer distinguish good from evil. The author uses black and white repeatedly to describe good and evil. Although the "invaders" are white, Marlow describes them as having black souls, while the oppressed blacks are described as having pure and white souls. An example for the absurdity and evil of the pilgrims compared with the pure souls of the natives is the scene where Marlow notices how the pilgrims decided to throw a dead body overboard while the savages distress a proper burial.…

    • 589 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays