HW4
1. Q: Explain the nature and outcome of the Greek independence movement. What other results emerged from the Near Easter crisis of the late 1820s?
A: The Greeks had been under the domination of the Ottoman Turks since 1815. A sense of unity between the Greeks still survived and caused nationalism and a desire for independence. In 1821, Alexander Ypsilanti led a revolt. The Greek Powers, especially Metternich, refused to support Ypsilanti because they were against revolution. Instead, the supported the Ottoman Empire. Many other Europeans supported the Greek national struggle for holy reasons; they were in love with and drawn to the Greek culture. In 1827, Great Britain, France, and Russia directed Turkey to accept an armistice. The Turks refused and the navies of these three countries trapped and destroyed the Turkish fleet at Navarino. The Near Eastern or Middle Eastern crisis was when Russia declared a war of expansion against the Turks and claimed much of present day Romania. In 1830, Great Britain, France, and Russia declared Greece as independent. In 1832, they put a German prince as the king of the new country.
2. Q: What accounted for the July Revolution in France? Explain the division of opinion in the groups that had favored the revolution. How was the conflict resolved?
A: In March 1830 the Chamber of Deputies passed a vote of no confidence in the government. Charles X dissolved the Chamber and called for new elections. The elections n rejected the king’s policies. On July 26, 1830, he replied with four ordinances issued on his authority: one dissolved the newly elected Chamber; another imposed censorship on the press; a different one reduced the voting power of bankers, merchants, and industrialists and concentrated the voting in the aristocracy; the final ordinance called for an election on the new basis. The July Revolution occurred on the subsequent day. The bourgeoisie was furious that their political status had been