Thrasymachus 'And Socrates' Definition Of Justice

Philosophy

1) Cephalu’s, Polemarchus and Thrasymachus definition of justice and Socrates objection to those definitions-point by point.

- To Cephalic the definition of justice is being honest, that lying would be consider being injustice. Socrates respond to his definition of Justice saying that if you owe a madman his weapon in some sense if it belongs to him legally, and yet this would be an unjust act, since you know that he could harm someone with the weapon. So this can’t be justice, justice would be nothing more than honoring legal obligations and being honest.

- To Polemarchus justice is that you owe your friends help and your enemies harm, Cephalic and Polemarchus definition of justice is closely related even though they are a
He basically says that the rational thing to do is ignore justice entirely. Socrates respond by saying that Thrasymachus definition of justice promotes injustice as a virtue, injustice simply cannot be a virtue because it is contrary to wisdom, which is a virtue.

2) Glaucon Theory of Justice: the goods, the origin and nature of justice.

- Glaucon definition of Justice is very interesting he says that being justice is only for the weak and being unjust are for the strong. He gives an interesting example that if a just man is given a ring which makes him invisible and once in possession of the ring the man can act unjustly with no fear of punishment. He said that the man would be hungry to do unjustly things and since he can do whatever he wants with the ring he will do all he desires. This proves that people are only just because they’re afraid of being punish for being
The justice belonging to the city he mentions that each person must have their own role for which he is best suited and he/she should not change he’s role and should not interfere in any other business. He also says that human beings have natural gift that should be fulfilled. The just city is a city populated with workers working on there natural gift like doctors, farmers, carpenter and they are all members of what Socrates call the “producing class” because is their duty to produce the goods for the city.

In the just city he says there has to be guardians/warriors that is needed to keep the peace with the city it protects, this warrior have to be develop with the right balance between kindness and toughness. They can’t be criminals nor be ineffective, they are carefully selected with the right balance of knowledge-loving, honor-loving and they definitely have to be physically strong. Of course nature is not sufficient enough to produce guardians so they have to be educated with the right amount of physical training and to soften there heart they need to read poetry and listen to music for the soul, guardians always have to be honest and must never fear death, they must never engage violent laughter. The other class of a just city is the ruler which are the one dedicated to determine what is good for the city rather than for themselves. The last class of a just city are the common people which are the ones that I previously mentioned