Three C. Geographus Essay

They studied the defense evoked venom of three C. geographus. The significance of their venom is the paralytic toxins, which makes the most of this venom. The toxicity of the venom is needed to attack the prey in a high-speed. They also showed a correlation between the size of the animals and the injected venom. Despite their little size and slow-movement, they express a defensive mechanism, they extend their proboscis and inject the paralytic toxin which is lethal.
C. geographus, usually hunt during night, and they have colored foot which may attract other predators who may feed on them, and their shell is very thin and any predator can easily break it, thus, they are defensive and their venom is very toxic; they are among most dangerous
The Prochloron operon, which is an exogene cluster, encodes the enzymes necessary to convert one of the direct translation products of the exogene cluster (a small peptide) into the final biologically active non-peptidic compound. When different ascidians that produce the different patellamides are compared, the operon sequences are virtually identical except for regions of one gene that encode the small peptidic precursors. Thus, compared to Conus peptide genes, patellamide-encoding operons have a much higher proportion of highly conserved sequence, but these are juxtaposed with the small hypervariable peptide-encoding cassettes. The entire operon has been heterologously expressed in E. coli to produce the patellamide in an E. coli culture medium. Whether pharmacologically active compounds produced by an animal lineage are peptidic or nonpeptidic, and regardless of the genomic/metagenomic organization of the relevant genes, the discovery platform described above should be applicable. The essence of the approach is that the discovery process will in large part involve the multidisciplinary analysis and characterization of exogenes, followed by the development and pharmacological characterization of selected gene