time and motion
Formal motion and time study, however, goes somewhat beyond the concept of work simplification and streamlining of processes. One author lists four distinct parts to the process, namely, (1)finding the most economical way of doing the job, (2) standardizing the methods, materials, and equipment, (3) determining accurately the time re- quired by a qualified person working at a normal pace to do the task, and (4) assisting in training the worker in the new method. The differ- ent parts may be considered separately, but must all be taken into account in utilizing this form of management control and improvement of performance. While library literature contains many examples of cost studies and reports of time devoted to different phases of the library operation, there has been almost no application of time and motion study technique in the formal sense.
Frank was a contractor and Lillian a psychologist and their combined efforts in testing and measuring efficiency resulted in the invention of a device known as the microchronometer. They used stroboscopic pictures and also motion picture cameras with a clock that enabled the worker's motions, the time taken and the conditions surrounding the job to be recorded simultaneously. They then made wire models that allowed the work task to be analysed in detail and re-designed to be performed more effectively. Hence they were able to eliminate unnecessary motions that were not perceivable by the naked eye. Thus they developed a system of 17 hand motions and each was ascribed its own symbol, colour and standard time necessary to perform it. Their secondary goal, besides enhancing efficiency, was to reduce the unnecessary fatigue experienced by workers. The term therbling comes from the couple's family name written backwards with the t and h transposed.
A time and motion study (or time-motion study) is a business efficiency technique combining the Time Study work of Frederick Winslow Taylor with the Motion Study work of
Frank was a contractor and Lillian a psychologist and their combined efforts in testing and measuring efficiency resulted in the invention of a device known as the microchronometer. They used stroboscopic pictures and also motion picture cameras with a clock that enabled the worker's motions, the time taken and the conditions surrounding the job to be recorded simultaneously. They then made wire models that allowed the work task to be analysed in detail and re-designed to be performed more effectively. Hence they were able to eliminate unnecessary motions that were not perceivable by the naked eye. Thus they developed a system of 17 hand motions and each was ascribed its own symbol, colour and standard time necessary to perform it. Their secondary goal, besides enhancing efficiency, was to reduce the unnecessary fatigue experienced by workers. The term therbling comes from the couple's family name written backwards with the t and h transposed.
A time and motion study (or time-motion study) is a business efficiency technique combining the Time Study work of Frederick Winslow Taylor with the Motion Study work of