Westward Expansion, 1865-1890
1. Railroads- largest industry most powerful wealthiest
Promontory Point, Utah, 1869 – the first intercontinental railroad, merger east coast to west coast
US Army
2. Search of wealth- people move to the WEST make more money
San Francisco, 1849- gold is discovered U.S largest gold rush
Gold & Land-
Homestead Act- federal program recruit people to move to the west, dirt cheap prices ,dangerous!
Sodbusters
3. European Immigration, 1860-1890- 4 million Europeans enter the U.S
German (NAVTISM)!!!! Believe that the country is for only them Foreigners ARE NOT ALLOWED!
4. Manifest Destiny
Characteristics of Plains Indians
Buffalo
Indian Wars, 1860-1900- an official wars against native Americas
Reservations
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Reasons for Indian attacks
Buffalo- very important animal
Buffalo Soldiers, 1866- first professional ALL BLACK soldier group, give blacks job eliminate Indians
Membership- former slaves men, free blacks
Tasks- A LOT main purpose against the U.S military in this war against Native Americans build bridges building schools and hospitals
Battles-5000 qualified
Name- the native americans gave this name too them
Discrimination
Why Enlist?
Cheyenne Indians
Black Kettle
White Antelope
San Creek Massacre, 1864
Washita River Massacre
Apache Indians
Geronimo
Gen. George Cook
Sioux Indians
Black Hills, 1874
Treaty of Fort Laramie, 1868
Red Cloud
Spotted Tail
Sitting Bull
Ulysses S. Grant & peace
Peace Policy, 1869
Custer’s Last Stand, 1876- great Indian Killer
Little Big Horn- john Custer is killed
Crazy Horse
Effects / ramifications
Massacre at Wounded Knee, 1890-native Americans vs. U.S army 500k killed
Standing Bear
Nez Perce
Chief Joseph
Trends
Goal of Assimilation-
White justification for reservations
Indian’s perspective on reservations
Reservation lands
Self-destructive behaviors
White reformers & the Indian Assimilation Mvt., 1879-response to war anti-war movement
Standing Bear
Indian Assimilation Conference, 1883
Indian Boarding School Mvt., 1879
Carlisle, Penn.-boarding school
Dawes Severalty Act, 1887-response to standing bearv
Purpose
Reality
American Indian Civil Rights Mvt.
Standing Bear
Luther a.k.a Plenty Kill
Populist Party
U.S. Govt. Response
Conclusions
----------------------------------------------------------
The Chinese Experience out west, 1850-1900
Immigration
American Nativism
California Tax Law
Promontory point
Chinatowns, 1870s
Type of work
Anti-Chinese Sentiment
Workingman’s Party of California, 1878
Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
Japanese & Koreans
Indian, Indonesia, & Arabian Peninsula
Exclusionary laws, 1943 & 1952
You May Also Find These Documents Helpful
-
2. Describe President Grant’s Peace Policy and the subsequent widespread adaptation of the reservation as a solution to dealing with the Native Americans in the western territories. What was life like on a reservation in, say, 1890?…
- 524 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
During 1865 to 1900 farmers saw the most opportunity in west for the vast amount of potential farmland. The Homestead Act of allowed people to receive 160 acres of land in return for living on it for five years, improving it, or paying a fee. The government was practically giving the land away. This caused half a million families to buy land and settle in the west. Unfortunately, the lands in the west were arid, rough, and unpredictable so it was difficult for farmers to keep up with their homestead, which caused their lands to be taken away by the government before their five years was up. The farmers began to blame the railroads and banks for their land being taken away because the railroads and banks would end up buy these lands from the failing farmers. To an outsider the idea of vast amounts of potential farmland may seem like a great opportunity, but the western lands were barren and unforgiving to many of the people wanting success.…
- 420 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
The Sioux nation was a powerful proud nation which migrated and traveled over the Great Plains; their hunter gather lifestyle was encroached upon after the civil war in the United States. The Sioux were victimized socially politically and genocidal. The need to develop the western hemisphere of the United States, seen the lifestyle of the Sioux, as savage and a threat to settlers moving west. The government of the United States philosophy was that a good Indian was a dead Indian represented little hope of peace. Though peace treaties were inspired by the American government they held no validity and integrity as they were a means to eradicate the Sioux’s lifestyle. The American perspective in taming the west was to impose boundaries in the form of reservations on the Sioux and take away their freedom to hunt buffalo non-compliant Indians were deemed as hostile and classified an enemy of the United States, this ramification led into the Plains Indian wars.…
- 3480 Words
- 14 Pages
Powerful Essays -
California Trails. This was the beginning point for travelers going west, even back in 1843 when…
- 1892 Words
- 8 Pages
Powerful Essays -
On May 10, 1869 the Union Pacific Railroad and the Transcontinental Railroad met at Promontory Point, Utah where the tracks were joined and the last tie lain. The laurelwood tie was hammered in with a…
- 430 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
A.) The American Indians and the United States troops were involved in the Battle of Wounded Knee.…
- 291 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
It took a country that was coming out of a civil war, and united it. It opened the door for international trade, and allowed goods to be shipped quickly and cost efficiently across the country from coast to coast. It allowed for the people to spread out and settle across the land, and for people to travel back and forth for goods. Though it was a complete success for American’s, it was the beginning of the end for Native Americans. After the completion of The Transcontinental Railroad, the Native Americans faced many terrible years. They lost the land they were promised, and were forced onto reservations, where tribes were forced together. Their once rich hunting grounds were depleted, and they were once again forced to find a new way to survive. The building and completion of The Transcontinental Railroad was a double edged sword that changed the future for both the Americans and the Native…
- 930 Words
- 4 Pages
Better Essays -
In the late 1800’s, the American railway system became a nationwide transportation network. The total distance of all railway lines in operation in the United States soared from about 14,500 kilometers in 1850 to almost 320,000 kilometers in 1900. A high point in railway development came in 1869, when workers laid tracks that joined the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railways near Ogden, Utah. This event marked the completion of the world’s first transcontinental railway system. The system linked the United States by rail from coast to coast. ("History of the United States,…
- 1439 Words
- 6 Pages
Good Essays -
In 1869, the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific railroads met in Promontory, Utah. This transcontinental railroad made traveling easier and more efficient. By having this railroad, western travelers now could take less dangerous routes and it wouldn’t take as long. After a year into the Civil War, congress finally passed the Pacific Railroad Act which grants…
- 1206 Words
- 5 Pages
Better Essays -
It wasn’t until 1862, though, that the Pacific Railroad Act enacted the building of the Transcontinental Railroad. For seven years the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroad companies built, one starting on the east coast and the other on the west, and finally met in Promontory, Utah, on May 10, 1869. There the historic golden spike was driven in, uniting the country from east to west. This railroad became a quick form of transportation across the country, allowing migration to western states such as California. The Transcontinental Railroad also sped up the process of sending mail; previously, mail had been sent with horses, which could take weeks or months. The trains allowed mail to be transported in only a week or so. Trains made transportation much faster for both people and…
- 677 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
There were many massacres that occurred in Wyoming. On September 22, 1885 coal miners in Rock Spring, Wyoming took action within an hour 28 Chinese miners were killed and houses were destroyed. This riot was caused by miners who were furious that they were getting paid absolutely nothing because miners would get paid for the amount of coal produced. The white miners were paid a dollar per ton and the Chinese were paid seventy-five cents per ton. The Chinese were getting more work producing coal because they didn't get paid as much. This made the white miners furious and after a night at the bar the Rock Spring Massacre took place. UP consults F.E Warren and immediately federal troops are sent to Rock Springs and 16 ring leaders are arrested. The army sets up a Camp Pilot Butte Fort and they stay for 13 years due to this fiasco and they want to maintain the town so that a massacre like this never reoccurs. To apologize to the Chinese 150,000 dollars was paid to the Chinese Gov. and the Chinese population began to return to the Rock Springs area. The Johnson County War was not the worst massacre in Wyoming history but it was significant because it was a war between the small ranchers and the cattle kings. Tension between the two began when James Averell and Ella Watson purchased land to start a small ranch. However, this land was used by a famous cattle king known by the…
- 1736 Words
- 7 Pages
Better Essays -
One of the key parts of westward expansion in the US was The Homestead Act that was implemented on January 1st, 1863. This act stated that men and women (who were not married) and 21 or older could apply for up to 160 acres of land in the west. The requirement was that they must live on the land for 5 years and “improve upon the land”. If they did this then the land would become theirs for $10. The Homestead Act favored white homesteaders and they were able to acquire over 285 million acres of land.…
- 819 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
The examination and the research on the Transcontinental Railroad has led many to the realization of the significance of the Railroad in American history whether it be positive or negative. The Great Railroad was created between the years of 1863 to 1869. It all had begun with a charter granted to the Central Pacific and the Union Pacific Railroad Companies through the Pacific Railroad Act of 1862. In the seven years, the two companies raced toward the meeting point in Promontory, Utah; one starting from Sacramento, California and the other from Omaha Nebraska. This massive system became the symbol of that time period, being the biggest construction project of that time. Along the way, many buffaloes were killed by hired hunters because, the…
- 1665 Words
- 7 Pages
Better Essays -
It is important to note that before the Civil War, Congress reserved the Great Plains for American Indian communities. Americans who were settling the west encroached American Indian lands and even wanted to explore and settle beyond those lands -- they wanted to reach and settle all the way to the Pacific Ocean, a goal that was further encouraged by cultural beliefs of the time which included Manifest Destiny. It is important to note that when dealing with American Indian, the U.S. government originally confined American Indians to reservations. The failure of the reservation system -- which was in part due to the fact that white settlers wanted more of the land that was reserved for American Indians as they settled the West -- made way for the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871 and many conflicts. As the U.S. government tried to take more land from American Indians, conflict erupted, such as the First Dakota War, the Great Sioux War of 1876, and the Nez Perce War. The military stopped the Dakota uprising because Dakota warriors killed 400 white settlers in Minnesota; the area that is now Minnesota was originally occupied by two major Native American tribes -- the Dakota (or Sioux) and the Ojibwa. They were clearly angry that Americans were settling their country land. Fighting also broke out between American Indians and the U.S. Army in the Black…
- 1116 Words
- 5 Pages
Better Essays -
Two railroads, the Central Pacific and Union Pacific would build a rail-line. The two railroads met at Promontory, Utah, on May…
- 2221 Words
- 9 Pages
Powerful Essays