There are a lot of ways in which citizens can participate in politics in the UK without necessarily having to vote for example: joining a political party, boycotting, and even signing petitions and fund raising. However, there is an argument that there has been a participation crisis over the past years in the UK. A participation crisis is when less and less citizens take part in political activities; this can be shown in the decrease of voter turnout and the level of participation. On the other hand, there is an argument that there is in fact not a participation crisis because the turnout of voting is increasing and specific forms of participation are also on the rise. In this essay, I will be arguing whether or not the UK is suffering from a participation crisis and if we are suffering to what extent.…
Voting and Turnout. The U.S. has one of the lowest voter turnout rates among modern democratic political systems. One study ranks the U.S. 120th on a list of 169 nations compared on voter turnout (Pintor, Gratschew, & Sullivan, 2002). While during the last decade many initiatives have been undertaken to increase voter participation, concerns about the possibility of election fraud have also increased. Additionally, some political interests feel threatened by the increase in turnout among some traditionally low-turnout ethnic minorities.…
To answer this question the consequence of declining party membership must be considered, which is the growth in pressure group membership. Some of the key functions of political parties are to represent the nation, to encourage participation in the political system and to educate the public. Therefore, if pressure groups do not enhance representation and participation more than parties, the decline in party membership could be considered ‘a bad thing.’ Political parties are funded by their members, so funding is also a point to consider. Having considered all of these points it is clear that the decline in party membership is ‘a bad thing’…
When a Canadian is asked to name their local Member of Parliament, we all can’t help but laugh at the people who literally don’t know anything about our political system. Unfortunately, the ignorance of politics has been divided into many groups of Canadians, which demonstrates why some people are not informed or interested in discussing political matters. Elisabeth Gidengil, writer of Citizens, explicitly repeats in her novel that Age, Material circumstances, education and gender gaps are factors of being politically engaged (Gidengil 173). Without a doubt, not everyone has those same components to become an active citizen and it’s unfortunate that some choose not to get politically involved. Consequently, the absence of political knowledge has a big effect on Canada because with more uninformed citizens, leads to more societal problems. In this paper, I argue the success of Canada’s democracy is heavily dependent on politically engaged citizens and by having more Canadians convey their concerns, the authorities can realize what political issues to extricate. The result of increasing civic engagement is both a sophisticated…
Between the years of 1945-1970 social class dominantly shaped the voting behaviour of individuals. Whilst there has been a decline in prominence of class voting: Labour remains the most popular working class party and Conservatives perform best among middle-class voters. Social classes are defined by economic and social status, i.e. working class typically consists of blue-collar workers, and in the past a strong link existed between voting behaviour and social class. This link existed due to entrenched ideals within social classes and lack of upward social mobility, meaning stable, long-term relationships would form to a particular party that best reflected the interests of an individual’s socio economic group, i.e AB social classes were seemingly intertwined with the fabric of the Conservative party. This party identification, or partisan, led to 64% of the vote in the mid 1960’s compromising of B support for Conservatives and C1/2 support for Labour. Yet since the 1970’s there has been both class and partisan dealignment. This can be accredited to changes in employment patterns, educational opportunities and rising standards of living. This means that the core vote of the two main parties is reduced and there are more floating voters, who are sans allegiance or attachment to any political party, less than 40% of voters say they have a strong attachment to any party compared with 90% in post-war Britain. To compliment this, albeit Labour was founded upon a commitment to a class, in 1997 New Labour made significant gains across the middle-class…
A referendum is supposed to be enhancing democracy in the UK however they undermine our system of representative democracy, where candidates are elected to make decisions on behalf of their constituency. These candidates have a good understanding of politics and are elected to make decisions with the constituent’s best interests in heart. They are used, as most people in the UK do not have the political knowledge and understanding to make these important decisions. They are less likely to have access to key arguments and information than elected, full-time politicians. Furthermore in seeking a majority vote, referendums may undermine the rights of the minorities that are generally well protected by constitutions and judiciaries within representative democracies. They are detraction in a representative system of democracy and as such they surrender power of experts to the masses.…
Explain and briefly evaluate how working class identities are created and reinforced in the contemporary UK…
Voter Apathy is referenced as a term to describe the phenomena of steady decline in political participation over the past 30 years. Apathy can be defined as the lack of interest, enthusiasm, emotion or concern towards a specific topic. Statistically, “voter apathy” may be displayed at the polls, but public activism is still a major part of society. For example, the “Occupy” movement is in every city with large amounts of citizen protests choosing a less conventional method of political expression, rather than the electoral process. Like that of “Occupy,” today there are infinite options to support certain causes, instead of just joining one of the two major parties and vote Republican or Democrat. The amount of third parties and interest groups are at their historical highest. Electoral Absence would be a more politically correct term for what is “Voter Apathy.”…
This book used many graphical charts and statistical data to basically prove many points, but one of the most vivid facts is that suffrage did not cause the decline in voter participation. If anything, it is more based on demographics and how people have begun to become disinterested in the electoral process over time – by feeling that one person alone is unable to change anything.…
Voter turnout and political efficacy amongst a people are crucial to the proper maintenance of a democratic society. In order for changes to be made and the largest amount of voices to be heard, people must feel like their vote counts, and that a direct result to their vote is a response from the government. As former US President Dwight David Eisenhower once quoted, “The future of this republic is in the hands of the American voter,” and for this reason political scientists commonly inquire on what factors cause a variance in voter turnout. These factors may be socio-economic, do age, income, culture or religion play a role in who votes and who doesn’t? ; political affiliation, do democrats vote more than republicans, or vice-versa? ; or education, does a person’s level of education cause variance in their turnout?…
America is arguably the most influential nation in the world, but has one of the lowest voter turnouts. Less than 57% of the United States electorate does not vote to the hurdles that it takes to exercise a basic right. The reasons for voter apathy include not registering, inability to get to the polls and the type of election.…
Throughout American history, there has been a steady decline in voter turnout. Not only has this been "humiliating" for the United States, low voter turnout has been and always will be a threat to American Democracy. The concept of democracy is dependent on citizens actively participating in elections and voting to select representatives for public office. The government cannot be representative of the people, unless the people elect its representatives. Voter turnout is a major indicator of how citizens view their electoral system, and whether or not they believe that the system is working. There are numerous factors that impede voter turnout, including: citizens ' political attitudes, demographic factors, and the structure of the electoral system.…
Over the last 40 years, voter turnout has been steadily declining in the established democracies. This trend has been significant in the United States, Western Europe, Japan and Latin America. In 2014, the New York Times reported that the November midterm elections was abysmally low in regards to voter turnout. Over all, the national turnout of the election was only 36.3% compared to over 70 decades ago when the voter participation turnout was only 36.3% (Board 2014) . Thus said, with a clear non-advancement in voter turnout, can it ultimately be considered a problem that needs to be fixed? Low participation is a cynical argument, exclaiming that: voters need to be more concern, elections don’t matter, and real decisions are made by power elites…
After doing some research it shows that a huge percentage of people are not voting because political parties fail to interest and connect with the voters and this leads to the voting population being less interest in the campaign, while when others think about registering and then when they end up deciding if they want to vote or not, by the time they realize the election is already here (McDonald, 2013). This happened to a lot of my friends, they weren’t sure about voting in 2016 presidential election then they looked into it and decided by this time it was too late. This bad trend of voter turnout can be traced way back to the reforms of the Progressive era (McDonald, 2013). Turnout in post-Progressive era America continues to stay low, not at any time reaching the levels before the Progressive era reforms (McDonald, 2013). This would be accustomed since it is very little in the political history of there years that would indicate a return to a collectively oriented system of voter participation (McDonald, 2013). Since 1912, only about 50 to 65% of Americans have voted in presidential elections and as few as 10 to 20 percent in primaries and minor local elections, although the exact number depends on how turnout is measured (McDonald, 2013). Voter turnout started declining at the end of the…
This article discusses the concept of citizenship and how citizenship as a form of public engagement is crucial to democracy as a whole. The author, Robert Asen, presents a new view that citizenship is a dynamic mode of public engagement. The first section of the article discusses questions about public beliefs and perspectives. The second section of the article discusses how citizenship is a mode of public engagement. The third section discusses how public engagement must be examined and what can be learned from that analysis. The final section discusses how the concept of citizenship can be extended through the author’s Discourse Theory.…