Tourism Notes
Tourism Notes
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Year 1
Ronan Keane
Table of Contents Forecasting Demand 4 Poor forecasting: 4 Most popular variable (as measurement for demand): 4 Causative (Econometric) 4 Econometric models 5 Non-causative (time series) 5 Non-causative (time series) 5 Qualitative forecasting 5 Problems and challenges 5 Gravity model 5 Limitations 6 Price and Income Elasticity in Demand 7 Elasticity’s of Demand in Tourism 7 Income Elasticity of Demand 7 Cross elasticity of demand 8 UK Demand UK 8 Income elasticity 8 Cross-price elasticity 8 Cross-price Elasticity 9 New Zealand Demand 9 Cross Price Elasticity New Zealand Passenger Demand 10 US Demand 10 Japanese Demand 10 Cross-price Elasticity 11 Understanding Statistics in Tourism 12 Categories of statistics 12 Statistics methods 12 Information required to create statistics 12 Measurement & reliability problems 12 Top 10 destinations (million) 14 International tourism top spenders (US $billion) 15 UK incoming & outgoing tourism 2011 16 Trends in UK Inbound Tourism 16 Top 10 countries visited 2011 17 Characteristics of Tourism 18 Transport for Tourism 20 Transport to Destination 20 Air transport 20 Transport at the destination 20 Road transport 21 Rail transport 21 Sea transport 22 Growth and Development of Tourism 23 Demand changes 23 Attitudes/motivation 23 Personal Ability 23 External ability 23 Supply Changes 23 Capital availability 23 Legislation 23 History 23 Key Dates In the take-off period 24 Drive to Maturity (1918-1939) 24 Drive to Maturity – Key dates 24 Age of mass consumption (1945 - ) 25 Age of mass consumption – key dates 25 Continued.... 25 Drive to maturity 26 The Age of mass consumption 1945 26 Development Since 2000 27 Environmental Impacts of Tourism 28 Changes in awareness of environmental impacts (western view) 28 Butler’s
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Year 1
Ronan Keane
Table of Contents Forecasting Demand 4 Poor forecasting: 4 Most popular variable (as measurement for demand): 4 Causative (Econometric) 4 Econometric models 5 Non-causative (time series) 5 Non-causative (time series) 5 Qualitative forecasting 5 Problems and challenges 5 Gravity model 5 Limitations 6 Price and Income Elasticity in Demand 7 Elasticity’s of Demand in Tourism 7 Income Elasticity of Demand 7 Cross elasticity of demand 8 UK Demand UK 8 Income elasticity 8 Cross-price elasticity 8 Cross-price Elasticity 9 New Zealand Demand 9 Cross Price Elasticity New Zealand Passenger Demand 10 US Demand 10 Japanese Demand 10 Cross-price Elasticity 11 Understanding Statistics in Tourism 12 Categories of statistics 12 Statistics methods 12 Information required to create statistics 12 Measurement & reliability problems 12 Top 10 destinations (million) 14 International tourism top spenders (US $billion) 15 UK incoming & outgoing tourism 2011 16 Trends in UK Inbound Tourism 16 Top 10 countries visited 2011 17 Characteristics of Tourism 18 Transport for Tourism 20 Transport to Destination 20 Air transport 20 Transport at the destination 20 Road transport 21 Rail transport 21 Sea transport 22 Growth and Development of Tourism 23 Demand changes 23 Attitudes/motivation 23 Personal Ability 23 External ability 23 Supply Changes 23 Capital availability 23 Legislation 23 History 23 Key Dates In the take-off period 24 Drive to Maturity (1918-1939) 24 Drive to Maturity – Key dates 24 Age of mass consumption (1945 - ) 25 Age of mass consumption – key dates 25 Continued.... 25 Drive to maturity 26 The Age of mass consumption 1945 26 Development Since 2000 27 Environmental Impacts of Tourism 28 Changes in awareness of environmental impacts (western view) 28 Butler’s