Traditions And Encounters Chapter 13 Summary

CHAPTER 13:
*The tropics were warm all year-round. The center of the tropical zone is marked by the equator.
*The rainy and dry seasons in the Indian Ocean reflect the influence of monsoons.
*To accommodate the uneven distribution of rainfall, South Indian farmers constructed elaborate irrigation canals.
*Empires of Mail in West Africa and Delhi in Southern Asia both utilized Islamic administration.
*Mansa Kankan Musa made a famous pilgrimage that served to demonstrate the enormous wealth of his country.
*In addition to fulfilling his religious obligation, Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage resulted in construction of new mosques and Quaranic schools.
*The Turkish invaders successfully invaded India due to the division of India into small states.
*Sultan Iltutmish passed his empire to Raziya, his daughter.
*The characteristic ship of the Arabian Sea was the dhow.
*The largest most advanced ship in the Indian Ocean was the Chinese Junk.
*The largest, most advanced ship in the Indian Ocean trade were tied together by commercial interests.
*By 1250 the most important trading city of Swahili coast was Kilwa.
*As trade increased in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Strait of Malacca became the center of political rivalry between Majaphit and Chinese Pirates.
*Because of the trade through the Strait of Malacca, Malacca became an important port and became a meeting place for traders from around the European world.
*In India, Islamic invasion practically destroyed the last strongholds of Buddhism.
*The Delhi Sultans controlled their empire in India by terror and high taxes.
Although the Delhi Sultanate had its problems, it did provide a centralized political authority to India.
*The economic and political power of Great Zimbabwe was based on long distance trade in gold, copper, and salt.
*The city of Aden in Arabia was an excellent location for growing grain and a convenient stopover for traders from India.
*The prosperity of the Asian and African kingdoms from 1200 to 1500 was accompanied by the growth of slavery.

CHAPTER 15:
*What evidence supports the belief that eastern Pacific islands were settled as a result of planned expeditions by Polynesian mariners? All of These
*How did the rise of medieval Islam gibe trade in the Indian Ocean an important boost? All of These
*The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433.
*The Chinese treasure ships of Zheng He carried silks, metals, and other valuable goals as gifts for distant rulers.
*Why did the Ming court suspend the Voyages of Zhen He? The government believed that little could be gained by exploring.
*The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the early Middle Ages were the Vikings.
*In addition to sailing up the Pacific coast, early Amerindians from South America also colonized the West Indies.
*What 2 nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history? Portugal and Spain
*Why didn’t the Indian states take a lead in exploring the Atlantic? The ships of the Mediterranean were ill suited to the Atlantic and the trading states of Venice and Genoa preferred a system of alliances with the Muslims.
*Which of the following is a reason for Iberian overseas exploration? None of these.
*Prince Henry of Portugal was known as Henry the Navigator because he devoted his life to promoting exploration.
*The advantage of the caravel was that it was All of These.
*The first Portuguese explorer to reach the southern tip of Africa and the Indian Ocean was Bartholomew Diaz.
*Christopher Columbus was from Genoa.
*Columbus expected to reach the West Indies.
False
*Columbus carried a letter from Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand to the Chinese Empire. True
*The powerful African kingdom of Renib of West Africa limited their contact with the Portuguese by declining offers to receive missionaries. True.
*The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with panic and fear. False.
*The Portuguese focus in the eastern Indian Ocean was on Hong Kong. False.
*The result of Portuguese domination of Indian Ocean trade routes was All of these.
*The difference between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire was the Spanish was a territorial empire and the Portuguese was a trading empire.
*Conquistador means conqueror.
*Spanish capture of the Aztec capital was assisted by disease.