Agency theory explains the conflict of interests between the shareholders and managers (Jensen & Meckling, 1976).Agency theory can be traced back to Adam Smith (1937) who identified an agency problem (managerial carelessness and wealth). The separation of ownership and control has also been one of the most discussed issues in corporate governance as it is restricted to the relationship between shareholders and the company in addition it is seen as the traditional view of corporate governance, and this is the main aspect of agency theory, as summarised in the Cadbury report (1992). The main issue of aligning mangers interests with those of their shareholders. The shareholders are the owners of the company, and the firm has a binding fiduciary duty to put their needs first, to increase value for them and maximise shareholder wealth the aim of the firm is to maximise shareholder return.
The managers and shareholders have to align their interest so that the manager s can make the best decision and in the best interests of