Transport Containerization
Transport; Containerization
Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn establishes civilizations. The transport systems directly affect trade competitiveness through delivery costs, transit times, and supply reliability. In terms of cost, time and reliability, each commodity has different requirements. Certain characteristics may be sufficient for low value/bulk commodities, while much higher standards are demanded for high value/premium products. Indeed, there is also significant differentiation within commodity groups; the supply parameters for basic tee-shirts are, for example, very different to those for fashion garments. Poor transport chains reduce competitiveness and restrict opportunities.
Freight transport has become focused on containerization, although bulk transport is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in economic growth and globalization
Containerization is a system of freight transport based on a range of steel intermodal containers (also "shipping containers", "ISO containers" etc.). Containers are built to standardized dimensions, and can be loaded and unloaded, stacked, transported efficiently over long distances, and transferred from one mode of transport to another—container ships, rail and semi-trailer trucks—without being opened. The system, developed after World War II, led to greatly reduced transport costs, and supported a vast increase in international trade.
Into the 1950s, most goods transported on water over long distances were shipped by what is called break bulk shipping, in which goods were transported loose or
Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn establishes civilizations. The transport systems directly affect trade competitiveness through delivery costs, transit times, and supply reliability. In terms of cost, time and reliability, each commodity has different requirements. Certain characteristics may be sufficient for low value/bulk commodities, while much higher standards are demanded for high value/premium products. Indeed, there is also significant differentiation within commodity groups; the supply parameters for basic tee-shirts are, for example, very different to those for fashion garments. Poor transport chains reduce competitiveness and restrict opportunities.
Freight transport has become focused on containerization, although bulk transport is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in economic growth and globalization
Containerization is a system of freight transport based on a range of steel intermodal containers (also "shipping containers", "ISO containers" etc.). Containers are built to standardized dimensions, and can be loaded and unloaded, stacked, transported efficiently over long distances, and transferred from one mode of transport to another—container ships, rail and semi-trailer trucks—without being opened. The system, developed after World War II, led to greatly reduced transport costs, and supported a vast increase in international trade.
Into the 1950s, most goods transported on water over long distances were shipped by what is called break bulk shipping, in which goods were transported loose or
References: Berglund, M., van Laarhoven, P., Sharman, G. and S. Wandel (1999) "Third-Party Logistics: Is There a Future?", International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 59-70 Brooks, M. (2008) North American Freight Transportation: The Road to Security and Prosperity, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Brooks, M., (2009) “Liberalization in Maritime Transport”, International Transport Forum, OECD, Paris, 31 p. Leinbach, T. and C. Capineri (Eds) (2007) Globalized Freight Transport: Intermodality, E-Commerce, Logistics and Sustainability, Transport Economic, Management and Policy series, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch3en/conc3en/table_advantageschallengescont.html