Transportation: Pollution and Public Transport

Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air,rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space.
The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn establishes civilizations.

Water transport:
Water transport is the process of transport watercraft, such as a barge, boat, ship or sailboat over a body of water such as a sea, ocean, lake, ...
One of benefits is that cost of its construction and maintenance is very low => could transport heavy loads over long distance, which plays major role in international trade.

Road transport:
Advantages:
Road transport is the most popular mode for everyone to use every day.
Flexibility of delivery and high speed of intercity transport => It’s available and possible to deliver cargo from door to door, which is the ideal for short distance
Disadvantages
Using private transport is far more costly than its public counterpart. Not only do you have to continually fill your tank with gas, but you also have to pay the tax,insurance and maintenance of your vehicle, not to mention the purchase price itself.

Tranportation in general:
Advantages
Cost effective
Fast delivery
Ideal for short distances, national or mainland Europe
Ideal for transporting perishables (eg fruit and vegetables)
Easy to monitor location of goods
Easy to communicate with driver
Disadvantages
Transport subject to traffic delays (traffic jams)
Transport subject to breakdown (maintainance)
Goods susceptible to damage through careless driving
Bad weather
Driving regulations can cause delays
Releasing gases (exhausted fumes) that could pollute the environment

The public transport is an invention or creation really useful. But like all, the public transport has advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

+The main advantage of public transport is that benefits the environment.
A train or bus can carry far more people than a single car, using only one tank of gas / energy source in the process.
Lots of trains and trams run on electricity which reduces the effect of carbon emissions even further.
+Not to worry about parking or filling up with gas and it is cheaper because using petrol is very expensive
+Decreases the level of traffic on our highways making journey times quicker and the roads less crowded =>accident occurring is lessened, thus making public transport a safer option.

Disadvantages:
+The preset route travels from station to station taking on and letting off passengers at set stops.
The public transportation may not go far enough to pick passengers up, or may not stop at the exact address that they are traveling to.
Many travelers may need a secondary source of transportation to arrive at their final destination, or will have to walk some distance to their home or office.
+Passengers have to wait for the bus. In Vn, it takes up to 1 to 2 hours during rush hours = stress, anger, lateness, ...
+There is no privacy in public transportation.Travelers are crowded in and don't have much personal space.Travelers may hear language and topics of conversation that make them uncomfortable.
+Public transportation in VN sometimes releases gases that could pollute the environment and causes symptoms/deseases to other people.

ENVIRONMENT:
Benefits:
+Our natural environment shows us beautiful things. Without the nature, our life will be in black and white only without colors. (More green space within a city’s boundaries can improve the urban environment.) = improve the air quality
+Lowering the temperature that trees cover: urban forests reduce urban air temperatures significantly by shading and returning humidity to the air = we'll have cooler summer days when the area's surrounded by trees.
+Flood control during heavy rain.
+During heavy rainy season, water just goes to the sea without benefiting anyone. Dams prevent it and the water is used later beneficially.
+Power can be produced without any pollution. Really a clean energy.
+Neighboring cities gets good water throughout the year.
+Could be a supply for power station and agriculture.

Disadvantages:
Natural Disasters
Natural disasters happen whether the environment has been altered or not. Tsunamis, volcanoes, hurricanes and earthquakes hit different areas often. => Affect many aspects of our lives, could even cause serious damage to buildings and death to people.

POLLUTION:

Causes:
+Motor vehicle emissions (vehicle exhaust) are one of the leading causes of air pollution. A huge amount of car transfers around city everyday this mean that a big exhaust fumes also exists in the air. No method to limit the transport circulating.
+There’re so much industrial zones that make the water dirty, make the air polluted. For example, almost rivers in HCM city are being polluted, a black covers all these rivers.
+Extremely large population.
For example, there are so many people from some provinces go to there to work, so it’s very difficult to control them. More people, more garbage and more polluted so Government should have some solutions to solve this problem

Effects:
+Global warming
+People's health would be affected:
Health problems such as burning eyes and nose.
There is also ore serious health problems that it can cause some chemicals can cause cancer, birth defects, brain, ...
People's health might be affected when they eat things from polluted areas.
+Air pollution damages the ozone layer that protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. It affects the fruits the plants grow and make them smaller and less nutritious.
+Water pollution kills life that lives in water. Water pollution also affects the food chain. Plants are also affected by water pollution. As people dump chemicals into the water the plants there are affected by it. This causes the whole ecosystem to be unbalanced.
+Land pollution affects the soil. Air pollution also affects Land pollution, acid rain caused by air pollution comes down and have effects on the soil.

Solutions:

We should:
-Keep our plants and trees: do not smash small plants or tres.
-Keep our birds.
-Do not kill or hunt animals –do not catch small fish.
-Keep our water: reduce the amount of used water-reduce the water that is used for irrigation.
-Participate with others in any competition that is related to the environment.
-Establish environment club in your school.

The government should protects the natural environment by:
-Make parks and natural reservation.
-Observe the resources of water.
-Observe the resources of pollution and reduce them.