Travel 2nd District of Oriental Mindoro Website
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
ABOUT TOURISM, ITS IMPORTANCE, POLICY AND PLANNING, AND
ITS ROLE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT IN COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD
2.1 Definitions
The World Tourism Organization (WTO) is the lead agency responsible for the development of standardized tourism definitions. This agency states that tourism is defined by “the set of activities of a person traveling to a place outside his or her usual environment for at least one night, but less than a year, and whose main purpose of travel is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited”.
The phrase “usual environment”
excludes trips within the person’s community of residence and routine commuting trips.
The
phrase “exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited” excludes migration for temporary work paid by an economic agent resident in the place visited. This, however, does not apply to business related travel such as sales calls, installation of equipment, or conventions where the traveler’s employer is located elsewhere than the place visited.
Tourism is generally divided into the following categories (source: WTO):
1. Domestic Tourism: residents of a country visiting destinations in the own country
2. Inbound Tourism: visits to a country by non-residents.
3. Outbound Tourism: residents of a country visiting destinations in other countries.
4. Internal Tourism: the combination of domestic tourism and inbound tourism,
5. National Tourism: the combination of domestic and outbound tourism.
6. International Tourism: the combination of inbound and outbound tourism.
2.2
The Tourism Industry
Pierce (1996), in his book, viewed tourist destinations from five broad sectors namely attractions, transport, accommodation, supporting facilities and infrastructure. He explains that attractions encourage tourists to visit the location, the transport services enable them to do
7
so, the
ABOUT TOURISM, ITS IMPORTANCE, POLICY AND PLANNING, AND
ITS ROLE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT IN COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD
2.1 Definitions
The World Tourism Organization (WTO) is the lead agency responsible for the development of standardized tourism definitions. This agency states that tourism is defined by “the set of activities of a person traveling to a place outside his or her usual environment for at least one night, but less than a year, and whose main purpose of travel is other than the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited”.
The phrase “usual environment”
excludes trips within the person’s community of residence and routine commuting trips.
The
phrase “exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited” excludes migration for temporary work paid by an economic agent resident in the place visited. This, however, does not apply to business related travel such as sales calls, installation of equipment, or conventions where the traveler’s employer is located elsewhere than the place visited.
Tourism is generally divided into the following categories (source: WTO):
1. Domestic Tourism: residents of a country visiting destinations in the own country
2. Inbound Tourism: visits to a country by non-residents.
3. Outbound Tourism: residents of a country visiting destinations in other countries.
4. Internal Tourism: the combination of domestic tourism and inbound tourism,
5. National Tourism: the combination of domestic and outbound tourism.
6. International Tourism: the combination of inbound and outbound tourism.
2.2
The Tourism Industry
Pierce (1996), in his book, viewed tourist destinations from five broad sectors namely attractions, transport, accommodation, supporting facilities and infrastructure. He explains that attractions encourage tourists to visit the location, the transport services enable them to do
7
so, the