Tree Identification Log
Tree Identification Log
1. Abies grandis, Grand Fir
The Grand fir is a tall stately tree that can grow up to 80 metres when mature. The leaves are flat with rounded and notched ends and are dark green and grooved on top of two white bands underneath. The seed cones are barrel-shaped and yellowish-green, growing upright on the branches. The bark is a smooth and greyish brown with white spots and blisters filed with gummy resin when young. The bark becomes furrow and scaly with age. The Okanagon people built canoes with grand fir bark and rubbed its pitch on paddles to give them a good finish. They also applied pitch to the back of bows to provide a secure grip.
Photo credits to Kinnoull Hill Woodland Park Group
2. Picea glauca, White Spruce
The White Spruce is a large tree with a narrow crown, it can grow to 40 metres tall and 1 metre in diameter when mature. The needles are four-sided, sharp, and stiff, and are arranged spirally on the twigs and are whitish-green and foul smelling when young, they become pleasant smelling with age. Its cones are light brown to purplish and hang from the upper branches. The cone scales have a smooth, rounded outer edge. The bark is loose, scaly, and greyish-brown. Aboriginal people living in the Interior used most parts of the white spruce tree. They made spruce saplings into snowshoe frames and sometimes into bows. They heated the gum to make a glue to fasten skins onto bows and arrowheads onto shafts. They used the decayed wood for tanning hides. Spruce bark was also used to make cooking pots and trays for gathering berries.
Photo credits to David Blevins
3. Thuja plicata, Western Red Cedar
Photo credits to Wikipedia
The Western red cedar is a large tree that can grow up to 60 metres tall when mature, with drooping branches; trunk often spreading out widely at the base. Its leaves are scale-like, opposite pairs, in four rows, folded in one pair but not in the other and overlapping like shingles. The cones are
1. Abies grandis, Grand Fir
The Grand fir is a tall stately tree that can grow up to 80 metres when mature. The leaves are flat with rounded and notched ends and are dark green and grooved on top of two white bands underneath. The seed cones are barrel-shaped and yellowish-green, growing upright on the branches. The bark is a smooth and greyish brown with white spots and blisters filed with gummy resin when young. The bark becomes furrow and scaly with age. The Okanagon people built canoes with grand fir bark and rubbed its pitch on paddles to give them a good finish. They also applied pitch to the back of bows to provide a secure grip.
Photo credits to Kinnoull Hill Woodland Park Group
2. Picea glauca, White Spruce
The White Spruce is a large tree with a narrow crown, it can grow to 40 metres tall and 1 metre in diameter when mature. The needles are four-sided, sharp, and stiff, and are arranged spirally on the twigs and are whitish-green and foul smelling when young, they become pleasant smelling with age. Its cones are light brown to purplish and hang from the upper branches. The cone scales have a smooth, rounded outer edge. The bark is loose, scaly, and greyish-brown. Aboriginal people living in the Interior used most parts of the white spruce tree. They made spruce saplings into snowshoe frames and sometimes into bows. They heated the gum to make a glue to fasten skins onto bows and arrowheads onto shafts. They used the decayed wood for tanning hides. Spruce bark was also used to make cooking pots and trays for gathering berries.
Photo credits to David Blevins
3. Thuja plicata, Western Red Cedar
Photo credits to Wikipedia
The Western red cedar is a large tree that can grow up to 60 metres tall when mature, with drooping branches; trunk often spreading out widely at the base. Its leaves are scale-like, opposite pairs, in four rows, folded in one pair but not in the other and overlapping like shingles. The cones are
Cited: http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/en/Business/ClimateChange/2ColumnSubPage/267249.html http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/documents/treebook/ http://www.bcadventure.com/adventure/wilderness/wildflowers/salal.htm http://www.geog.ubc.ca/biodiversity/eflora/E-FloraTreesofBritishColumbia.html