In his autobiography, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Malcolm X reveals that he has “been blessed by Allah with a new insight into the true religion of Islam, and a better understanding of America’s entire racial dilemma”. He supports his claim by using repetition, tone, and diction. Malcolm X’s purpose is to inform the audience of his new revelation of values in order to illustrate the racism, prevalent in the USA. The author writes in a shocked tone, addressing the citizens of the United…
Brent Staples’s “Just walk on by” was written to clarify how African-Americans like Staples go through stereotypes when in actually reality, shouldn’t be prejudged in the first place. He reminisces being perceived as dangerous just because of his skin color, and how this situation puts himself in endangerment. Staples arguers that people shouldn’t be so judgmentally and should get to know the person by the actions. He not only makes statements all through the text, but gives incidents of how his color and the way he looks to others tend to play in the role. He stresses about the fact that African Americans, can’t all be the same with the same intentions and wants the readers to know that as well.…
Staples learned he was a threat to many people by just walking down the street. Many whites would cross the street if a colored or feared person was walking down the opposite direction. Racism is fear. People fear the most things they…
In the excerpt from Malcolm X’s “Message to Grassroots,” Malcolm X uses effective stylistic devices such as colorful figurative language, effective repetition, and powerful diction to persuade his audience of his argument. Malcolm X feels strongly that America has treated the people of color unjustly, and he is angry about it. He is arguing that minorities need to forget their differences, so they can unite in a common cause to gain equality and liberty. Too, he says blacks, and other “unwanted people,” should wake up to reality. They must understand they are being treated unfairly, and by doing so, can “plot a course” to become educated and therefore have the ability to defend themselves against white oppression. Malcolm’s masterful use of language makes his speech effective.…
In "Black Men and Public Spaces" Brent Staples writes about his experiences with racism and how it changes his life. He also helps people who have not been victims of racism understand the effects of their actions whether intentional or not.…
In 1971, a psychologist by the name of William E. Cross, Jr, released his Black identity model. It's a model with the purpose of theoretically explains the process in which African Americans develop their cultural identity. There are five stages in which are the pre-encounter, encounter, immersion, internalization, and finally the internalization-commitment stage. In each stage there is something different that is developed to make someone certain that they are indeed in those stages. Using this psychology of “Blackness” this essay will assess the course of Malcolm X’s life and evolving view on questions of racial identity and justice through the lens of William E. Cross’s Nigresence Model using “The Autobiography of Malcolm X, as told by Alex Haley”. I am a true believer that Malcolm went through each stage in his life.…
In Brent Staples story, "Just Walk on By", the author underlines how black men are casualties of discrimination. First, he recalls his realization of how much his presence terrified other people, essentially a white woman, when he used to go out for strolls during the evening around the town. In spite of the fact that he understand that the world is seen to be progressively brutal and hazardous, he feels disappointed that African-American guys, particularly, are as yet being judged and misconstrued taking into account by their appearances. The author notice two cases where somebody misinterpreted him for a hoodlum and a companion who was a writer was flawed mistaken for a killer. These events, he states, are not uncommon. Presently so as to…
In the United States, individuals from all backgrounds celebrate Martin Luther King Jr on Black History Month. One controversial black leader that doesn’t receive the same recognition in the mainstream media is Malcolm X. Malcolm X challenged the racist and oppressive system on underdeveloped neighborhoods through his speeches at rallies and wrote an autobiography. He empowered his African American community across the nation. In this essay I will be analyzing three discourses done by Malcolm X himself and how all three discourses were successful in getting his argument addressed to his intended audience.…
In “Just Walk On By: A Black Man Ponders His Power To Alter Public Space,” Brent Staples discusses the development of standard stereotypes that can not just affect the actions of the victim, but the suspect. Throughout the essay, Staples describes himself in a sequence of events, and proceeds to tell the readers how people around him react. Brent Staples was a tall black man and always faced the same reaction when walking the streets during his late night strolls. People that were walking late as well especially white women would avoid Staples either by crossing the street to avoid him or immediately be quiet and walk faster. Staples, being a six-foot two black man, appeared to be dangerous which caused the white women to cross the street or walk faster. When he is telling this story, he states that “it was clear that she thought…
He unites the African American community as a whole and eliminates the necessity for division and argument by addressing that “whether you are a Christian or a Muslim or a Nationalist” all African Americans had the same problem. Malcolm quotes in his speech that “they don’t hang you because you’re a Baptist, they hang you because you’re black”. Through this he exposes the “white man’s strategy” of divide and conquer and counterattacks it by highlighting the most important reason they were there in the first place, which was freedom of oppression. Malcolm instructs his people that before they can move forward they must first come together. Whether it is politically or physically, African Americans must unite against their…
One of his earliest experiences with racism caused him to be “surprised, embarrassed, and dismayed all at once…[as he realized that he] was indistinguishable from the muggers who occasionally seeped into the area from the surrounding ghetto”(1). The adjectives in this excerpt make that reader experience the horror and embarrassment that Staples felt in this instant, and forces then to think about the consequences of showing any hesitation or uncertainty one might feel. The diction makes the passage feel mortifying and distressing, which gives the reader an inside look at what being alienated feels like. By revealing to the reader that he had been discriminated against personally, he establishes his ethos. In the instance where a women begins to run away from him, Staples remembers that “it was the echo of the terrified woman’s footfalls that [he] first began to know the unwieldy inheritance [he had] come to - the ability to alter public space in ugly ways” (1). By sharing this memory with the reader, Staples creates himself to the reader in a knowing and solemn…
Malcolm X is one of the most controversial figures in US history. His dominant image is that of a ‘black supremacist’; an image embedded into the mass mind to such an extent it has become an ‘historical fact’. The picture painted has associated Malcolm with violence, racism and hate, so future generations will dismiss him as just a racist demagogue – a one-dimensional, fanatical enemy of America. This raises the issue of ‘facts in history’, and how such accusations became ‘facts’. However, in this essay, I will show that such images belie Malcolm X’s extraordinary dynamism and non-fixedness, and his immense metamorphoses as a man, leader, and thinker. Having divided his life into three stages – since he did live his life in three distinct stages, with three different personalities and goals – I conclude that while the dominant image is superficially plausible, it is in fact an image severely distorted due to the threat that Malcolm posed to racial domination and inequality, and by extension his threat to both US domestic security and US foreign policy, even after his death. Malcolm X himself predicted exactly this in his autobiography – that after he dies “the white man, in his press, is going to identify [him] with ‘hate’. He will make use of [him] dead, as he has made use of [him] alive, as a convenient symbol of ‘hatred’” (MALCOLM X, 1964, 381).…
To begin with his story, Staples presents a white woman who he comes across walking in the streets. He states that just by looking at him, she started to run until he could no longer see her. That first scenario made him realize of what being an african american man or what his “inheritance” (p. 336) will cause, if he was seen in a public space. This because of the stereotype black men suffer of being rapist or a thief. Later in the essay, he tells about white people’s actions in the intersections whenever he passed by a car or crossed the streets. For example, the driver will automatically put down the locks, or the pedestrians will cross in another direction.…
After years of study in prison, Malcolm reconsiders his racial identity in the light of history and philosophy, and discovers answers to his questions about race in the pro-black rhetoric of the Nation of Islam. His acceptance of the Nation’s belief that black people are an original and good people, and whites an aberration meant to spread evil in the world, reverses Malcolm’s understanding of blacks and whites. Later, in Mecca, Malcolm learns to see beyond America’s race problems even as he digs more firmly into his black identity. Feeling brotherhood with white-skinned Muslims, he returns to the United States with a message of racial tolerance and an impartial commitment to truth and justice. Still, he believes the most promising allies of American blacks are the…
Staples was stereotyped by his aferican American apperence as a mugger and rapist . He was often feared by women because he was an aferican American man women often see him as an unsafe creature. In the beginning of the essay where a frightened woman’s reaction is described he uses words such as “terrified, unwidely , quarry, wayfare, tranny, dangerious, harzard, dicey, fear, and weapon”.(354) to illustrate his response to the womans reaction. Neither of these words used suggested anything pleasant. Staples deals with his stereotype in a calm manner taking precautions to make people less nervous around him.…