Trujillo's Extent By Naturalist Approaches To History

1.) What is meant by presentist vs a historicist approach to history? And by an external vs an internal approach to history? A presentist is someone who interprets and assesses the past in terms of present understanding of modern values and concepts, while a historicists tries to understand a past event in terms of the knowledge and values that existed at the time of an event. They regard historical development as the most basic aspect of human existence. Other approaches to history include internal and external. The internal approach is the ideas, theories, and findings of a discipline, such as psychology, without regard for the influences of external, contextual factors. The external approach to history examines the outside influences on a discipline. -Erica Trujillo

2.) What is meant by a "personalistic" vs. a "naturalistic" approach to history? what is an eponym and what is a multiple? The term personalistic approach to history refers to the actions of heroic and or evil individuals that provide history’s
Also, the idea that psychology would be presented as a communal, where great men and women examine the contextual factors that help produce their ideas. She also made note that new history would use primary sources and archives in order to reconstruct history in its own context and treasure the values and knowledge that were present at that time. Therefore the idea of eponyms and multiples can support her way of thinking because they only interpret events from one individual’s standpoint and reflects that one individual's accomplishment as progress or even cause individuals to discover things at the same time. Eponyms and multiples relate to her ideas of old history and disagreeing with that made her want to propose her way of thinking about history, which was new history. - Casey